This paper presents an in-wheel vibration absorber for in-wheel-motor electric vehicles (IWM EVs), and a corresponding control strategy to improve vehicle ride comfort. The proposed in-wheel vibration absorber, designed for suppressing the motor vibrations, is composed of a spring, an annular rubber bushing, and a controllable damper. The parameters of the in-wheel spring and rubber bushing are determined by an improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm, which is executed under the typical driving conditions and can absorb vibration passively. To deal with negative interaction effects between vehicle suspension and in-wheel absorber, a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) algorithm is developed to control suspension damper, and meanwhile a fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (PID) method is developed to control in-wheel damper as well. Through four evaluation indexes, i.e., vehicle body vertical acceleration, suspension dynamic deflection, wheel dynamic load, and motor wallop, simulation results show that, compared to the conventional electric wheel, the proposed suspension LQR control effectively improves vehicle ride comfort, and the in-wheel absorber exhibits excellent performance in terms of wheel and motor vibration suppression.

This paper presents an integration design scheme and an optimization control strategy for electric wheels to suppress the in-wheel vibration and improve vehicle ride comfort. The in-wheel motor is considered as a dynamic vibration absorber (DVA), which is isolated from the unsprung mass by using a spring and a damper. The proposed DVA system is applicable for both the inner-rotor motor and outer-rotor motor. Parameters of the DVA system are optimized for the typical conditions, by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, to achieve an acceptable vibration performance. Further, the DVA actuator force is controlled by using the alterable-domain-based fuzzy control method, to adaptively suppress the wheel vibration and reduce the wallop acting on the in-wheel motor (IWM) as well. In addition, a suspension actuator force is also controlled, by using the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) method, to enhance the suspension performance and meanwhile improve vehicle ride comfort. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed DVA system effectively suppresses the wheel vibration and simultaneously reduces the wallop acting on the IWM. Also, the alterable-domain-based fuzzy control method performs better than the conventional ones, and the LQR-based suspension exhibits excellent performance in vehicle ride comfort.

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