Background Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common malignant tumour of the urinary tract. The major causes of poor prognosis are the lack of early diagnosis and metastasis. Accumulating research reveals that circular RNAs (circRNAs) can play key roles in the development and the progression of cancer. However, the role of circRNAs in ccRCC is still uncertain. Methods The circRNAs microarray ( n = 4) was performed to investigate the circRNAs with differential expression in ccRCC tissues. The candidate circRNA was selected based on the cut‐off criteria, such as circRNA expression abundance, circRNA size and the design of divergent primers. The circ‐transportin‐3 (TNPO3) levels in ccRCC tissues were tested by quantitative real‐time (qRT)‐PCR ( n = 110). The characteristics and subcellular localization of circ‐TNPO3 were identified via RNase R assay, qRT‐PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Then, we explored the biological roles of circ‐TNPO3 in ccRCC via the function experiments in vitro and in vivo. RNA pull‐down, RNA immunoprecipitation, bioinformatic analysis, RNA‐FISH assays and rescue assays were applied to validate the interactions between circ‐TNPO3, insulin‐like growth factor 2 mRNA‐binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) and serpin family H member 1 (SERPINH1) to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms of circ‐TNPO3. Results We detected the obvious downregulation of circ‐TNPO3 in ccRCC compared to matched adjacent normal tissues ( n = 110). The lower circ‐TNPO3 expression was found in ccRCC patients with distant metastasis, higher World Health Organization/International Society of Urologic Pathologists (WHO/ISUP) grade and more advanced tumour T stage. In vitro and in vivo, circ‐TNPO3 significantly suppressed the proliferation and migration of ccRCC cells. Mechanistically, we elucidated that circ‐TNPO3 directly bound to IGF2BP2 protein and then destabilized SERPINH1 mRNA. Moreover, IGF2BP2/SERPINH1 axis was responsible for circ‐TNPO3's function of inhibiting ccRCC metastasis. Epithelial splicing regulatory protein 1 (ESRP1) was probably involved in the biogenesis of circ‐TNPO3. Conclusions Circ‐TNPO3 can suppress ccRCC progression and metastasis via directly binding to IGF2BP2 protein and destabilizing SERPINH1 mRNA. Circ‐TNPO3 may act as a potential target for ccRCC treatment.
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are novel non-coding RNAs with important regulatory roles in cancer progression. IGF2BP3 has been found to play oncogenic roles in various cancers including GC, while the exact mechanism of IGF2BP3 is largely unknown. Methods The expression of IGF2BP3 in GC was evaluated by Western Blot and bioinformatics analysis. CircRNA expression profiles were screened via IGF2BP3 RIP-seq in GC. Sanger sequencing, RNase R digestion, nucleo-plasmic separation and RNA-FISH assays were used to detect the existence and expression of circARID1A. RNA ISH assay was employed to test the expression of circARID1A in paraffin-embedded GC tissues. Moreover, the function of circARID1A on cellular proliferation was assessed by CCK-8, plate colony formation, EdU assays and GC xenograft mouse model in vivo. Furthermore, the location or binding of circARID1A, IGF2BP3 protein and SLC7A5 in GC was evaluated by RNA-FISH/IF or RNA pull-down assays. Results We identified a novel circRNA, circARID1A, that can bind to IGF2BP3 protein. CircARID1A was significantly upregulated in GC tissues compared with noncancerous tissues and positively correlated with tumor length, tumor volume, and TNM stage. CircARID1A knockdown inhibited the proliferation of GC cells in vitro and in vivo and circARID1A played an important role in the oncogenic function of IGF2BP3. Mechanistically, circARID1A served as a scaffold to facilitate the interaction between IGF2BP3 and SLC7A5 mRNA, finally increasing SLC7A5 mRNA stability. Additionally, circARID1A was able to directly bind SLC7A5 mRNA through complementary base-pairing and then formed the circARID1A-IGF2BP3-SLC7A5 RNA–protein ternary complex and promoted the proliferation of GC via regulating AKT/mTOR pathway. Conclusions Altogether, our data suggest that circARID1A is involved in the function of IGF2BP3 and GC proliferation, and the circARID1A-IGF2BP3-SLC7A5 axis has the potential to serve as a novel therapeutic target for GC.
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are novel non-coding RNAs with important regulatory roles in cancer progression. IGF2BP3 has been found to play oncogenic roles in various cancers including GC, while the exact mechanism of IGF2BP3 is largely unknown. Methods The expression of IGF2BP3 in GC was evaluated by Western Blot and bioinformatics analysis. CircRNA expression profiles were screened via IGF2BP3 RIP-seq in GC. Sanger sequencing, RNase R digestion, nucleo-plasmic separation and RNA-FISH assays were used to detect the existence and expression of circARID1A. RNA ISH assay was employed to test the expression of circARID1A in paraffin-embedded GC tissues. Moreover, the function of circARID1A on cellular proliferation was assessed by CCK-8, plate colony formation, EdU assays and GC xenograft mouse model in vivo. Furthermore, the location or binding of circARID1A, IGF2BP3 protein and SLC7A5 in GC was evaluated by RNA-FISH/IF or RNA pull-down assays. Results We identified a novel circRNA, circARID1A, that can bind to IGF2BP3 protein. CircARID1A was significantly upregulated in GC tissues compared with noncancerous tissues and positively correlated with tumor length, tumor volume, and TNM stage. CircARID1A knockdown inhibited the proliferation of GC cells in vitro and in vivo and circARID1A was indispensable for the oncogenic role of IGF2BP3. Mechanistically, circARID1A served as a scaffold to facilitate the interaction between IGF2BP3 and SLC7A5 mRNA, increasing SLC7A5 mRNA stability. Additionally, circARID1A was able to directly bind SLC7A5 mRNA through complementary base-pairing and then formed the circARID1A-IGF2BP3-SLC7A5 RNA-protein ternary complex and promoted the proliferation of GC via AKT/mTOR pathway activation. Conclusions Altogether, our data suggest that circARID1A is involved in the function of IGF2BP3 and GC proliferation, and the circARID1A-IGF2BP3-SLC7A5 axis has the potential to serve as a new therapeutic target for GC.
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