Urban ground collapse is a common geological disaster characterized by its invisible nature, particularly in China, and results in significant socioeconomic losses and even loss of life. Underground pipeline breakage is the most common factor leading to urban ground collapses. Hence, it is essential to study how different types of pipeline breakages initiate the collapse mechanism. In this study, an indoor model test was conducted to directly observe the process of collapse due to broken pipe leakage. A broken pipe was put into a model box and tested by an experimental device. The results showed that among the different pipeline breakage types, vertical damage had the greatest influence on the degree of cavity development and ground collapse. Similarities were observed in the patterns of cavity evolution development and the extent of ground collapse as well, further revealing the significance of the cavity evolution process in predicting ground collapses.
In order to study the mechanical properties of ultra-high performance engineered cementitious composites (UHP-ECC) used for cable channel repair, orthogonal tests were carried out with four influencing factors, water binder ratio, silica fume, fly ash and mortar ratio, to obtain the optimum mix ratio of the cement paste. On this basis, the effects of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) polymer and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber on the fluidity, flexural strength and compressive strength of UHP-ECC were studied, and the micromechanism was analyzed with SEM. The results show that the fluidity of UHP-ECC material prepared was 170–200 mm, which meets the requirements of working performance. The average compressive strength at 28 days reached 85.3 MPa, and the average flexural strength at 28 days reached 22.3 MPa. EVA polymer has a fast film forming rate in an alkaline environment. The formed polymer film wraps the fiber, enhances the bridging role between the fiber and the matrix and increases the viscosity of the material. Therefore, the early flexural strength is significantly improved. The 1-d flexural strength of UHP-ECC material mixed with 9-mm fiber is increased by 18%, and the 1-d flexural strength of 3-mm fiber is increased by 15%. Due to PVA fiber’s high elastic modulus and tensile strength, it improved the flexural and tensile properties of the material after incorporation, especially in the later stages; the 28-d flexural strength of UHP-ECC material mixed with 9-mm fiber increased by 12%, and the 28-d flexural strength of 3-mm fiber increased by 7%. It was concluded that the effect of 9-mm PVA fiber is better than that of 3 mm PVA fiber.
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