Organic photodetectors (OPDs) exhibit superior spectral responses but slower photoresponse times compared to inorganic counterparts. Herein, we study the light-intensity-dependent OPD photoresponse time with two small-molecule donors (planar MPTA or twisted NP-SA) co-evaporated with C60 acceptors. MPTA:C60 exhibits the fastest response time at high-light intensities (>0.5 mW/cm2), attributed to its planar structure favoring strong intermolecular interactions. However, this blend exhibits the slowest response at low-light intensities, which is correlated with biphasic photocurrent transients indicative of the presence of a low density of deep trap states. Optical, structural, and energetical analyses indicate that MPTA molecular packing is strongly disrupted by C60, resulting in a larger (370 meV) HOMO level shift. This results in greater energetic inhomogeneity including possible MPTA-C60 adduct formation, leading to deep trap states which limit the low-light photoresponse time. This work provides important insights into the small molecule design rules critical for low charge-trapping and high-speed OPD applications.

Gas-water relative permeability was tested in the full diameter cores of three types of reservoirs (matrix pore, fracture and solution pore) in Gaoshiti-Moxi block under high pressure and temperature to analyze features of their gas-water relative permeability curves and gas well inflow dynamics. The standard plates of gas-water two-phase relative permeability curves of these types reservoirs were formed after normalization of experimental data. Based on the seepage characteristics of fractured reservoirs, the calibration methods of gas-water two-phase relative permeability curves were proposed and the corresponding plates were corrected. The gas-water two-phase IPR (inflow performance relationship) curves in different type reservoirs were calculated using the standard plates and validated by the actual performances of gas wells respectively. The results show that: water saturations at gas-water relative permeability equal points of studied reservoirs are over 70%, indicating strong hydrophilic; the dissolved cave type has the biggest gas-water infiltration interval and efficiency of water displacement by gas, followed by the matrix pore type and then fractured type; and the fractured type has the highest the permeability recovery degree, followed by the dissolved cave type and then matrix pore type. The calibrated gas-water two-phase relative permeability curves of fractured carbonate reservoirs can better reflect the gas-water two-phase seepage law of actual gas reservoirs and the standard plates can be used in the engineering calculation of various gas reservoirs. The characteristics of calculated IPR curves are consistent with the performance of actual producing wells, and are adaptable to guide production proration and performance analysis of gas wells.

Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed C−H activation of benzoylacetonitriles in coupling with sulfoxonium ylides was developed to synthesize diversified substituted naphthols, in which aryl, heterocyclic and alkyl groups in sulfoxonium ylides are tolerated. Intriguingly, we have further implemented transformation for 1‐naphthols to give some intriguing fused tricyclic compounds and derivatives of propranolol, which demonstrate the practical utility of this methodology.magnified image