Fluorescence nanoparticles have gained much attention due to their unique properties in the sensing and imaging fields. Among the very successful candidates are fluorescent polydopamine (FPDA) nanoparticles, attributed to their simplicity in tracing and excellent biocompatibility. This article aims to highlight the recent achievements in FPDA materials, especially on the part of luminescence mechanisms. We focus on the intrinsic fluorescence of PDA and will not discuss fluorescent reaction with a fluorometric reagent or coupling reaction with a fluorophore, which may cause more in vivo interferences. We believe that intrinsic FPDA presents great potential in bioapplications.
In this paper, the Harnack inequalities and super Poincaré inequality for generalized Cox-Ingersoll-Ross model are obtained. Since the noise is degenerate, the intrinsic metric has been introduced to construct the coupling by change of measure. By using isoperimetric constant, some optimal estimate of the rate function in the super Poincaré inequality for the associated Dirichlet form is also obtained.
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