With great interest, we read the recent article by Sun and coworkers showing that miR-2392 was downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and inhibition of miR-2392 promoted the progression of HCC in vitro and in vivo. 1 Mechanically, they identified that miR-2392 exerted its function via directly targeting JAG2. Previous studies found that miR-2392 was also decreased in gastric cancer (GC) and downregulation of miR-2392 was associated with GC progression and poor overall survival (OS). 2 However, the relationship between miR-2392 and the HCC patients' OS was not further explored in their study. Accordingly, in the current work, we tried to explore whether miR-2392 served as a promising prognosis biomarker in HCC.

Background Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a common digestive tract tumor and the molecular mechanism is very complicated. Overexpression of FCHO1 plays the role of oncogene or tumor suppressor gene in the process of tumorigenesis and development. However, possible mechanisms of FCHO1 in COAD remains unknown. Methods Online database Oncomine, TIMER and TCGA were used to clarify the expression level of FCHO1 in COAD. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and GEIPA database to evaluate the prognostic value of FCHO1 in COAD. Then, STRING and GeneMANIA database were used to construct the protein-protein interaction network. The GO/KEGG enrichment analysis were performed by Using Funrich. Co-expression genes of FCHO1 were acquired by Linkedomics database, GSEA analysis was used to explore the possible pathway in co-expression genes of FCHO1. The correlation between FCHO1 expression and hypoxia-related genes, glycolysis-related genes and immune infiltrates was analyzed using the TIMER, Starbase and TCGA cohort. Results Our results revealed that high expression level of FCHO1 was significantly increased in COAD tissues than normal tissue. High expression of FCHO1 in COAD predicted worse survival, including OS (HR = 1.8 p = 0.0022), DFS (HR = 1.6 p = 0.043). GSEA analysis showed that co-expression genes were significantly linked with MicroRNAs in cancer, Oxidative phosphorylation, Cell cycle, Notch signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway and p53 signaling pathway. Further, the result revealed that hypoxia-related genes (NFKB1, VEGFB) was simultaneously positively correlated with FCHO1 expression in TIMER, Starbase database. Glycolysis-related genes (HK1, G6PD and SLC2A1) was positively associated with FCHO1 expression in TIMER, Starbase database. At the same time, PDCD1 and LAG3 expression, which as immune checkpoint, were positively correlated with FCHO1 expression. Conclusion Collectively, FCHO1 may act as a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and correlated with hypoxia, glycolysis and immune infiltration in COAD.

Colon cancer (COAD) stem cells are resistant to cancer treatment, so they are easy to lead to tumor progression after routine treatment failure. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of cancer cells. The purpose of our study is to identify differential gene modules and representative candidate biomarkers for the clinical prognosis of patients, help to predict the prognosis and reveal the mechanism of cancer progression. In our study, based on the tumor Genome Atlas (TCGA) COAD database and gene expression profiles of GSE44076 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), the differentially co-expressed genes in COAD and normal tissues were explored. Combined with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential gene expression analysis, 451 differential co-expression genes were screened out. As shown by functional annotation analysis using R clusterProfiler software package, these genes are mainly enriched in lipid catabolic process (biological process), cell apical part (cellular component) and phosphate hydrolase activity (molecular function). In addition, in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, 20 hub genes (ACAA2, FABP1, ACOX1, EHHADH, CPT2, ACADS, CPT1A, MT1G, MT1E, MT1X, MT1H, PPARGC1A, ACSS2, MT2A, MT1F, CRAT, UGT2B17, B3GNT6, and MUC4) were identified using Cytoscape's CytoHubba plug-in. Based on Kaplan–Meier univariate survival analysis and UALCAN database analysis, lower expression of B3GNT6 was associated with better overall survival (OS), which could greatly influence cancer development. Also, online TIMER and CIBERSORT database showed that there was a great correlation between high B3GNT6 gene expression and immune infiltrating cells in poor tumor progression. Finally, we verified the protein levels of B3GNT6 through HPA database. In conclusion, our study shows that B3GNT6 can play an important role in the progression of colon cancer and serve as potential biomarkers for future diagnosis and treatment.

Background: Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is a highly malignant disease with unsatisfactory prognosis. In recent years, it has been reported that m7G methylation can regulate promoter sequence and induce gene expression or silencing so that affect tumor progression. However, the prognostic value of m7G-related genes in KIRC needs to be further clarified. Methods: In this paper, we downloaded the mRNA expression profile and corresponding clinical data of KIRC patients from the public database TCGA. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model was utilized to construct a multigene signature in the TCGA cohort. A risk score model was established based on Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Then, we performed functional enrichment analysis and immune infiltration analysis of differentially expressed genes between high-risk group and low-risk group.Result: 13 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in normal and tumor tissues. Based on the median score calculated by the risk score formula from 29 m7G-related genes, 534 patients were divided into low-risk and high-risk subgroups, respectively. The survival probability of KIRC patients in the low-risk group was significantly better than that in the high-risk group(p<0.001). The tumor grade and risk level were independent predictors for OS in multivariate Cox regression analyses (HR> 1, P< 0.01). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis confirmed the signature's predictive capacity. Functional analysis revealed that human immunodeficiency was enriched, and immune status were different between two risk groups.Conclusion: A new m7G-related gene biomarker can be used to predict the prognosis of KIRC, which may be a therapeutic option for KIRC patients.

Colon cancer (COAD) is a highly malignant disease with poor prognosis, more effective treatment strategies need to be explored urgently. M7G methylation can molecularly affect transcriptional processes leading to cancer development. However, the prognostic value of m7G-related gene miRNAs in colon cancer remains to be further investigated. In this study, miRNA, mRNA expression profiles and corresponding clinical data of COAD patients were downloaded from the public database TCGA. A total of 109 m7G-related gene miRNAs were differentially expressed between COAD and adjacent normal tissues in TCGA (p<0.05 and |logFC|>=1), and 13 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were correlated with overall survival in univariate Cox regression analysis. Based on Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression, a polygenic prognostic model was constructed, and the risk score was validated. Five gene biomarkers (hsa−miR−21−3p, hsa−miR−887−5p, hsa−miR−9−5p, hsa−miR−378d, hsa−miR−31−5p) were associated with colon cancer prognosis. The patients were divided into high and low risk groups according to the risk score. The OS of patients in the high-risk group was significantly higher than that of the patients in the lower risk group (P < 0.001). The time-dependent ROC curve analysis confirmed the predictive ability of tumor biomarkers. Risk score was an independent predictor of OS (HR>1, P<0.001). Functional enrichment analysis showed that immune-related pathways were involved in the regulatory process. In conclusion, five novel m7G-related gene miRNAs biomarkers can be used for prognosis prediction of colon cancer. Targeting m7g-related miRNAs may be an alternative treatment for COAD.

Colon cancer (COAD) stem cells are resistant to cancer treatment, so they are easy to lead to tumor progression after routine treatment failure. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of cancer cells. The purpose of our study is to identify differential gene modules and representative candidate biomarkers for the clinical prognosis of patients, help to predict the prognosis and reveal the mechanism of cancer progression. In our study, based on the tumor Genome Atlas (TCGA) COAD database and gene expression profiles of GSE44076 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), the differentially co-expressed genes in COAD and normal tissues were explored. Combined with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential gene expression analysis, 451 differential co-expression genes were screened out. As shown by functional annotation analysis using R clusterProfiler software package, these genes are mainly enriched in lipid catabolic process (biological process), cell apical part (cellular component) and phosphate hydrolase activity (molecular function). In addition, in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, 20 hub genes (ACAA2, FABP1, ACOX1, EHHADH, CPT2, ACADS, CPT1A, MT1G, MT1E, MT1X, MT1H, PPARGC1A, ACSS2, MT2A, MT1F, CRAT, UGT2B17, B3GNT6, and MUC4) were identified using Cytoscape's CytoHubba plug-in. The expression of 20 hub genes was down regulated in colon cancer compared with normal control group. Based on survival analysis, lower expression of CPT1A and B3GNT6 was associated with better overall survival (OS) and lower expression of ACADS and CPT2 was associated with disease-free survival (DFS) in cancer patients. Finally, we verified the protein levels of CPT1A and B3GNT6 through HPA database, which was consistent with the mRNA level in colon cancer samples. Also, TIMER and CIBERSORT database showed that there was a great correlation between CPT1A and B3GNT6 gene expression and immune infiltrating cells in tumor progression. In conclusion, our study shows that two survival related genes are highly correlated with the development of colon cancer. Therefore, CPT1A and B3GNT6 can play an important role in the progression of colon cancer and serve as potential biomarkers for future diagnosis and treatment.