Surface temperatures derived by 208 ASTER and L8 satellite imagery were analysed to test multiscale and multitemporal capability through available sets of thermal data to support the volcanic monitoring of Vulcano Island in Italy. The analysis of thermal historical series derived by ASTER and L8 shows that two are the main thermally active areas: La Fossa crater and the mud pool of Fangaia. In this work we aimed to assess the correlation between the satellite-retrieved temperatures with those measured during the daytime ground field campaign conducted within the same time period and, in particular cases, simultaneously. Moreover, nighttime data acquired by an airborne and field campaign were processed with the same methodology applied to satellite data for a multiscale approach verification. Historical meteorological data acquired from a weather station were also considered. Statistically significant correlations were observed between nighttime acquisitions and meteorological data. Correlations were also significant for temperature measured during the airborne campaign, while differences up to 50% with daytime acquisition during the ground field campaigns were observed. The analysis of the results suggests that within nighttime data acquisition, differences between satellite-derived temperatures and ground temperature measurements are considerably reduced; therefore nighttime data acquisition is recommended to detect thermal anomalies.
In this work, the land surface temperature time series derived using Thermal InfraRed (TIR) satellite data offers the possibility to detect thermal anomalies by using the PCA method. This approach produces very detailed maps of thermal anomalies, both in geothermal areas and in urban areas. Tests were conducted on the following three Italian sites: Solfatara-Campi Flegrei (Naples), Parco delle Biancane (Grosseto) and Modena city.
Vulcano belongs to the seven volcanic islands forming the Aeolian archipelago (Italy) and has the privilege to define an eruptive style as “Vulcanian”. It has to be considered as an active volcano as its most recent activity demonstrated. Starting by late spring 2021, the thermal state of the Vulcano summit area changed and the gas emission increased. During the summer and, in particular, starting from September, geophysical and geochemical signals, precisely those linked to the activity of the hydrothermal system that feeds the fumaroles of the Fossa crater, varied. The temperature of the gases emitted by the fumaroles on the crater rim has increased and the composition of the gases has showed an increase in CO2 and SO2 (carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide) concentration. For such reasons, the authors decided to follow this event by analyzing the remotely sensed available data suitable for detecting changes in thermal state. By processing the TIRS (Landsat 8) and ASTER time series, two long-term surface temperature logs were obtained and, therefore, by adopting a statistical approach, an analysis in both space and time domains has emphasized a thermal signature since mid-September 2021.
<p>K&#299;lauea is a broad shield volcano built against the southeastern slope of Mauna Loa. The summit presently has a caldera that is roughly 4km by 3.2km wide, and walls of between 0 m and 120 m high. In the 2018, late April an eruption interesting both the summit crater and the lower East Rift Zone (LERZ) occurred. A quasi real time estimation of the evolution of radiant lava flow extension starting from May 2018 for K&#299;lauea &#8211;Leilani eruption using satellite image data has been produced. The active lava flow evolution is obtained by using Copernicus Sentinel2 (S2) and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)-Landsat8 (L8) polar satellites acquiring medium/high spatial resolution images (20mx20m and 30mx30m respectively) in the visible-Short Wave Infra Red- Thermal Infra Red (VIS-SWIR-TIR) spectral range. Remote sensing has become an important information source for environmental monitoring and in particular during eruption assisting volcanologists for lava flow mapping. In the contest of Leilani 2018 eruption the combination of L8 and S2 data has offered the unique opportunity to observe the LERZ area, nominally, every 3,6 days (30 images in 97 days) at medium (<30m) spatial resolution. Because of the K&#299;lauea eruption extension and duration, a multi sensor approach has been used in order to improve the timing of the information derived by high spatial resolution remote sensed data merging two missions with different revisit time. To process the data acquired we have adopted a modified version of Murphy algorithm (2016) which reduces, in the case of very high thermal event, the misinterpretation of hottest pixels. It is fundamental to remind that the method used may recognize only the radiant portion of the lava flow sensed during a satellite passage that lasts a few time with respect to the lava flow emplacement. Therefore, it can be used for mapping the hottest area and not the whole lava flows produced over time (Musacchio et al., 2020).</p> <p>Beside the K&#299;lauea -Leilani 2018 event, results for Italy Etna 2021 and La Palma Cumbre Vieja 2021 are presented also including ASI-PRISMA datasets.</p> <p>&#160;</p> <p>Murphy, S. W., de Souza Filho, C. R., Wright, R., Sabatino, G., & Pabon, R. C. (2016). HOTMAP: Global hot target detection at moderate spatial resolution.&#160;Remote sensing of environment,&#160;177, 78-88.</p> <p>Musacchio, M., Silvestri, M., Rabuffi, F., Buongiorno, M. F., & Falcone, S. (2020). K&#299;lauea&#8211;Leilani 2018 lava flow delineation using Sentinel2 and Landsat8 images.&#160;Geological Society, London, Special Publications,&#160;519(1), SP519-2020.</p>
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.