Aims. Pointed observations with XMM-Newton provide the basis for creating catalogues of X-ray sources detected serendipitously in each field. This paper describes the creation and characteristics of the 2XMM catalogue. Methods. The 2XMM catalogue has been compiled from a new processing of the XMM-Newton EPIC camera data. The main features of the processing pipeline are described in detail. Results. The catalogue, the largest ever made at X-ray wavelengths, contains 246 897 detections drawn from 3491 public XMM-Newton observations over a 7-year interval, which relate to 191 870 unique sources. The catalogue fields cover a sky area of more than 500 deg 2 . The non-overlapping sky area is ∼360 deg 2 (∼1% of the sky) as many regions of the sky are observed more than once by XMM-Newton. The catalogue probes a large sky area at the flux limit where the bulk of the objects that contribute to the X-ray background lie and provides a major resource for generating large, well-defined X-ray selected source samples, studying the X-ray source population and identifying rare object types. The main characteristics of the catalogue are presented, including its photometric and astrometric properties
Given the very accurate data from the BATSE and the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer and Chandra satellites, we use GRB 991216 as a prototypical case to test the theory that links the origin of the energy of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to the extractable energy of electromagnetic black holes (EMBHs). The fit of the afterglow fixes the only two free parameters of the model and leads to a new paradigm for the interpretation of the burst structure (the IBS paradigm). It leads as well to a reconsideration of the relative roles of the afterglow and burst in GRBs by defining two new phases in this complex phenomenon: (1) the injector phase, giving rise to the proper GRB, and (2) the beam-target phase, giving rise to the extended afterglow peak emission and to the afterglow. Such differentiation leads to a natural possible explanation of the bimodal distribution of GRBs observed by BATSE. The agreement with the observational data in regions extending from the horizon of the EMBH all the way out to the distant observer confirms the uniqueness of the model. Subject headings: black hole physics -gamma rays: bursts -supernovae: generalThe most decisive tool in the identification of the energetics of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has been the discovery by BeppoSAX of the afterglow phenomenon. In this Letter, we show how the afterglow data can be fitted using the theory that relates the GRB energy to the extraction process of the electromagnetic energy of a black hole endowed with electromagnetic structure (the EMBH model).
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.