The amount of food discarded by Malaysian households is substantial, to a great extent, avoidable. Minimizing food waste at the household level, therefore, plays a crucial part in the food chain responsibility. The little review has considered the effectiveness of interventions aimed at preventing food waste on itinerary stages of the food system. This significant gap, if filled, could help support those looking at reducing food waste in the developing world, providing knowledge of what interventions are specifically effective at preventing food waste. By using an extensive literature review, this paper clarified factors influencing food waste generation based on itinerary stages. This paper outlines five antecedents and recommendations for food waste reduction at the household level by using four strategies including sharing extra food and cooking, planned purchase schedule, skills on storing fresh food, and understanding family preferences which eventually can contribute to sustainable development goals. The integrated strategies are fruitful in improving household food waste management and preventing food waste generation as well as remedying existing policy gaps in Malaysia.
In the present aggressive world of competition, corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies are becoming important weapons for organizations to perform well and achieve their goals. In this respect, organizations need to assess their CSR performance and improve their actions for a more genuine approach. We present an insightful framework to explain the effectiveness of CSR strategies by proposing four dimensions- weak versus strong, narrow versus broad, strategic versus genuine, and public relation (PR) profile versus no public relation (PR) profile. The proposed framework can be used to assess organizational CSR performance and as a decision tool for the CSR practices that should be improved especially in the wake of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The framework will also help devise ways and means to assist the nation to combat the repercussions of the slowdown and mitigate the after-effects of the pandemic by evaluating current CSR practices. Based on the proposed tool, a model of CSR management for genuine social change was developed to help organizations define its best practices and improve CSR actions.
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