A new genus from Borneo, Borneocola Y.Y.Sam, is described here. The genus currently contains eight species previously classified as members of the Scaphochlamys Baker. The finding is based on the results of the morphological and molecular studies of Scaphochlamys throughout its geographical range and its closely allied sister groups, Distichochlamys M.F.Newman and Myxochlamys A.Takano & Nagam. Borneocola is nested within the tribe Zingibereae and its monophyly is strongly supported by both ITS and matK sequence data. The genus is characterised by several thin, translucent and marcescent floral bracts, absence of coloured streaks on the labellum and capitate stigma with two dorsal knobs. The genus is distributed in northwest Borneo and all species are very rare and highly endemic.
Most of the molluscs studies in Malaysia have focused only on their diversity and the knowledge on their relationship with the water depth are lacking. The hypothesis tested in this research was water depth influence the density of marine gastropods and bivalves of Malaysia Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in Sarawak waters. The aim of the study was to determine the gastropod and bivalve species in Malaysia EEZ of Sarawak waters and the relationship of the species density with water depth. The sampling was conducted from 15th August 2015 until 9th October 2015. The gastropods and bivalves were collected from 32 stations of various depths using the Smith-McIntyre grab. The depth of the stations was from 20 m to 200 m. A total of 95 taxa (61 Gastropoda and 34 Bivalvia) were found in this study. The dominant molluscs species of Sarawak waters in Malaysia EEZ were Limopsis sp., Turitella cingulifera, Pitar citrinus, and Cavolinia globulosa. Species density was about 10 ind./m2 to 610 ind./m2 and the total density was between 250 ind./m2 (Station 22) and 1,940 ind./m2 (Station 2). The total density of gastropods and bivalves showed weak correlation and negative relationship with the depth of water. The findings of this study will aid future studies in Malaysia EEZ.
Keywords: Bivalves, gastropods, Malaysia EEZ, Sarawak waters
Most of the molluscs studies in Malaysia have focused only on their diversity and the knowledge on their relationship with the water depth are lacking. The hypothesis tested in this research was water depth influence the density of marine gastropods and bivalves of Malaysia Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in Sarawak waters. The aim of the study was to determine the gastropod and bivalve species in Malaysia EEZ of Sarawak waters and the relationship of the species density with water depth. The sampling was conducted from 15th August 2015 until 9th October 2015. The gastropods and bivalves were collected from 32 stations of various depths using the Smith-McIntyre grab. The depth of the stations was from 20 m to 200 m. A total of 95 taxa (61 Gastropoda and 34 Bivalvia) were found in this study. The dominant molluscs species of Sarawak waters in Malaysia EEZ were Limopsis sp., Turitella cingulifera, Pitar citrinus, and Cavolinia globulosa. Species density was about 10 ind./m2 to 610 ind./m2 and the total density was between 250 ind./m2 (Station 22) and 1,940 ind./m2 (Station 2). The total density of gastropods and bivalves showed weak correlation and negative relationship with the depth of water. The findings of this study will aid future studies in Malaysia EEZ.
Keywords: Bivalves, gastropods, Malaysia EEZ, Sarawak waters
The true mahseer (Tor spp.) is one of the highest valued fish in the world due to its high nutritional value and great unique taste. Nevertheless, its morphological characterization and single mitochondrial gene phylogeny in the past had yet to resolve the ambiguity in its taxonomical classification. In this study, we sequenced and assembled 11 complete mahseer mitogenomes collected from Java of Indonesia, Pahang and Terengganu of Peninsular Malaysia as well as Sarawak of East Malaysia. The mitogenome evolutionary relationships among closely related Tor spp. samples were investigated based on maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree construction. Compared to the commonly used COX1 gene fragment, the complete COX1, Cytb, ND2, ND4 and ND5 genes appear to be better phylogenetic markers for genetic differentiation at the population level. In addition, a total of six population-specific mitolineage haplotypes were identified among the mahseer samples analyzed, which this offers hints towards its taxonomical landscape.
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