Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease with long-term cardiovascular, renal, eye and neural complications. It is prevalent all around the world including Iran its prevalence is increasing. The aim of this study is to determine factors related to self-care behavior based on health belief model among sample of Iranian type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 301 type 2 diabetics patient in Gachsaran, Iran. Data collection was based on an interview and were analyzed by SPSS version 20 using ANOVA, t-tests, Pearson correlation, and linear regression statistical tests at 95% significant level. Linear regression analyses showed that the health belief model variables accounted for 29% of the variation in self-care behavior; and perceived severity and perceived self-efficacy, more influential predictor on self-care behavior.
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