The non-uniform settlements represent a big challenge for the structural engineers because of the problems caused by this phenomenon, where many cracks in the walls, columns and slabs occurred due to the non uniform settlements, which ranges from small cracks to major cracks that threat the safety of the building and the residents. Along the years, the geotechnical engineers have developed many methods to find the settlements in soil. However, these methods need certain expertise in the properties and the conditions of soil and some other tests, which the structural engineers in Palestine lack of such expertise. Therefore, and because of the importance of the soil structure interaction, this paper focuses on a simplified method to estimate the settlements of soil, where by using simple equations the settlement of soil can be predicted with acceptable accuracy for the practical purposes, like design or field checks. تمثل مشكلة الهبوط غير المتكافئ للتربة في المنشآت تحدياً كبيراً للمهندسين الإنشائيين بسبب المشاكل الكبيرة التي تسببها هذه الظاهرة على شكل تشققات في الأسقف والجدران والأعمدة، والتي تتدرج من تشققات بسيطة إلى تشققات شديدة قد تهدد سلامة المبنى والقاطنين. على مدار الأعوام، قام مهندسوا التربة بتطوير العديد من الطرق لقياس الهبوط الناتج في التربة، إلا أن هذه الطرق تحتاج إلى خبرات ومعلومات خاصة عن خصائص التربة وحالتها الواقعية وبعض الاختبارات و التي يفتقر لها الكثير من المهندسين الإنشائيين في فلسطين. لذلك ولأهمية معرفة التفاعل بين التربة والمنشأ، يأتي هذا البحث ليسلط الضوء على طريقة بسيطة لتوقّع الهبوط في التربة تحت المنشأ، حيث و باستخدام بعض المعادلات يمكن توقع الهبوط في التربة تحت المنشأ بدقة مقبولة للاستخدامات العملية كالتصميم أو التحليل الميداني.
Usually, structural designers are assuming the soil as rigid object when they design small to intermediate structures, or assuming the settlement of soil to be always within the acceptable range. However, the engineering practice shows that high percentage of cracks and failures in structures are related to soil settlement reasons, non-uniform soil settlement for example. Geotechnical engineers developed many methods to calculate the settlement of soil, but the majority of these methods are geotechnical engineering oriented, and standard structural engineer may struggle using them. Therefore, because of the importance of finding the approximate soil settlement in many cases during the design process or during the implementation of the structure, this study gives simple equations that can predict the soil settlement with acceptable accuracy, by creating a relationship between the soil settlement and the displacement of the structure. The targeted equation will allow us to find the soil settlement from knowing the approximate displacement of the structure . Such an equation gives a conceptual value to be used in 3D analysis of structures using computer programs like SAP2000 and ETABS. The targeted structure in this study is a simple one rectangular column and footing structure.
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