Pregnancy should be an exciting experience and a moment awaited, but it is different for out-of-wedlock pregnancy. Unmarried pregnancy causes a variety of problems especially to the pregnant mother including psychological problems such as depression and cognitive distortion. This study aims to identify the needs of depression and cognitive distortion module that can be used for out-of-wedlock pregnant adolescents at a shelter homes in Malaysia. A total of 42 respondents had participated in this study of which 30 were former trainees and 12 were managers or teachers from five shelter homes. A set of questionnaires with 20 items representing five main themes used in this study. Descriptive statistical methods such as mean, standard deviation, percentage and frequency were obtained. The research findings show that the respondents agreed with the five themes (M=3.30) with a percentage of 85 percent. The implication of this research is that it allows an in-depth exploration of the development of depression and cognitive distortion module which will address the out-of-wedlock pregnancy issue. Apart from that, appropriate theory can also be identified as the basis of module development. In this case, the effectiveness of the module should also be considered.
Individuals who become pregnant out-of-wedlock require special attention because previous studies have shown that this group is prone to depression and cognitive distortion, which can have an impact on their psychological and life development. Therefore, this article discusses the process of development, validation, and reliability testing of the cognitive behavioral module (<em>modul kognitif tingkah laku</em>/MKT) to manage depression and cognitive distortion of out-of-wedlock pregnant trainees in one of the women’s shelters in Malaysia. This module contains four sub-modules, namely, psychoeducational, behavioral strategies, cognitive strategies and retention of productive behavior that have been developed using the cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) approach. The validation level assessed by seven expert panels indicated the validity value of the module content was .93. Meanwhile, the reliability test conducted using a questionnaire showed a reliability coefficient of .97. This article demonstrates how a systematic procedure can be used to develop and validate an effective module of depression and cognitive distortion before it can be administered in actual studies. The findings also prove that the MKT module can be applied by counselors or psychological officers to the problems of depression and cognitive distortion experienced by out-of-wedlock pregnant trainees in shelters.
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