Penggunaan kayu mersawa dan papan partikel sebagai material konstruksi bangunan dan tujuan dekoratif terus mengalami peningkatan. Penelitian sebelumnya menjelaskan bahwa material tersebut menghasilkan laju aus yang tinggi yang disebabkan oleh kandungan silika dan resin. Artikel ini menjelaskan karakteristik aus mata pisau yang telah dilapisi bahan pengeras baru pada pemotongan kayu mersawa dan papan partikel. Kayu mersawa dan papan partikel dengan kerapatan 0,8 dan 0,61 g/cm 3 dipotong menggunakan mata pisau tungsten carbide K10 yang telah dilapisi dengan lapisan tunggal titanium aluminium nitrid (TiAlN), multi-lapis TiAlN/titanium silikon nitrid (TiSiN), dan multi-lapis TiAlN/titanium boron nitrid (TiBN). Uji pemotongan menggunakan computer numeric control router pada kecepatan potong 17 m/s dengan laju pengumpanan sebesar 0,1 mm/rev untuk melihat karakteristik aus pada sisi clearance mata pisau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mata pisau yang telah dilapisi menghasilkan aus yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan mata pisau tanpa pelapis pada pemotongan kayu mersawa dan papan partikel. Lapisan multi-lapis TiAlN/TiBN pada penelitian ini menghasilkan daya tahan aus yang paling tinggi. Kekerasan yang tinggi, koefisien friksi yang rendah, daya tahan oksidasi yang tinggi, dan ketahanan terhadap delaminasi yang tinggi pada lapisan multi-lapis TiAlN/TiBN menunjukkan bahwa lapisan ini sangat cocok diaplikasikan pada pemotongan kayu abrasif (kandungan silika tinggi) dan kayu komposit pada kecepatan potong yang tinggi.
Woods that were placed outdoors were exposed to UV-induced photodegradation processes which damaged the lignin bonds in the wood resulting in the more susceptible woods against abrasion and weathering. This circumstance led to more finishing processes by applying paint to the wood surface carried out by industries and at the home level. Some finishing materials not only contribute to increasing the aesthetics of the wood surface but also increased the wood's resistance against harmful microorganisms. On the other hand, the resistance against pests did not increase as high as the resistance against outdoor weathering. In this study, pine woods and teak woods collected from the community forest were soaked in cold borax solution as a preservative agent before applying the paint to the wood surface. The treatments applied to the samples in this study were untreated control samples, preservative-treated samples, finishing-treated samples, and both preservative and finishing-treated samples. The results of this study showed that both teak and pine wood with preservative and finishing treatment were resistant to microbial damage (0% damage) after left 8 weeks of exposure in the outdoor area. However, there is a need to conduct further research with longer exposure time (1-2 years) to get more significant result differences between each treatment.
The most potential biomass to be developed with a high lignocellulose content is wood. Calorific value estimation based on the results of biomass analysis such as the proximate test can be used as an alternative to predict the calorific value accurately, quickly, and economically. Therefore, in this study, it is important to measure the calorific value simply using the proximate method with an analytical approach to the chemical content of the raw material. This study used three species of wood consisting of jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq), ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri), and api- api (Apicennia sp.). This study's chemical components that eximined in this study consist of extractive, holoselulose, and lignin content. The proximate analysis consists of volatile matter content, ash content, fixed carbon, and calorific value. The results show that ulin wood has the highest calorific value (20.13 MJ/kg), then api-api wood and last jabon wood. The high amount of calorific value is contributed by the high value of lignin, extractive, and fixed carbon.
Nowadays, there is growing interested in development of environmentally friendly and nontoxic wood adhesives. The objective of this research was to determined the characteristics of starch, tannin, and cowhide adhesives by adding phenol formaldehyde as a fortifier. The quality of its bonding properties for afrika laminated wood was also investigated. Determination of characterization of bioadhesive was conducted based on SNI 06-4567-1998. The quality of bonding properties for laminated wood was conducted based on SNI 06-6049-1991 and all parameters values compare to JAS 1152-2007. Based on the research characteristic of bioadhesive values for visualization tes, viscosity tes fullfill SNI 06-4567-1998 requirement. For pH, solid content, and glatination time not all sampel fullfill requirement values. All parameters of physical properties of all of sample afrika laminated wood meet the JSA 1152-2007 requirement. For Afrika laminated wood made from starch and tannin adhesive have good value for delamination test. Moreover, for shear strength parameter test not fullfill JSA 1152-2007 requirement. All of sampel have only for interior purposes.
Kegiatan finishing pada produk kayu menjadi faktor penting dalam rangkaian proses pengerjaannya. Selain untuk peningkatan stabilitas dan perlindungan, finishing juga dilakukan untuk meningkatakan nilai estetika. Namun demikian, kandungan bahan finishing dalam cat masih didominasi dari bahan berbasis kimia yang tidak baik untuk kesehatan maupun lingkungan. Selain itu, produk kayu yang telah difinishing menggunakan bahan kimia masih bisa diserang oleh organisme perusak dan mengalami pelapukan saat pemaparan di luar ruangan. Maka dari itu, melalui kegiatan pengabdian ini ditawarkan solusi peningkatan mutu kayu menggunakan metode yang sudah sejak lama digunakan di Jepang dalam pengawetan kayu yaitu metode yakisugi. Proses finishing yang dilakukan pada UMKM pengerjaan kayu di Desa Perina masih tergolong konvesional sehingga kualitas yang dihasilkan pun tidak maksimal, ditambah lagi dengan kualitas bahan baku yang tidak terlalu baik. Maka dari itu, kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk menawarkan alternatif baru dalam peningkatan mutu kayu menggunakan metode yakisugi yang tidak hanya menghasilkan produk kayu bernilai estetika tinggi, namun ramah terhadap lingkungan. Kegiatan pengabdian yang telah dilakukan memberikan warna baru dalam proses finishing dibandingkan metode yang umumnya digunakan. Kegiatan ini juga membuka ide-ide baru dalam menciptakan produk perkayuan yang unik, estetik dan ramah lingkungan.
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