ResumenLa informalidad es uno de los principales obstáculos para el desarrollo económico de los países, pues disminuye su productividad. A pesar de esto, la informalidad representa una opción atractiva para cualquier agente productivo dados los beneficios inmediatos que genera. Por ejemplo, mayores ingresos por evasión de impuestos. Sin embargo, el impacto que tiene la informalidad en toda la economía es negativo. El presente estudio analiza la interacción entre gobierno y empresas a partir del dilema del prisionero, en el que se observa que ser informal es una estrategia de equilibrio. Dicho juego nos permite establecer diferentes opciones de política pública para combatir la informalidad. Particularmente analizamos el impacto que la imposición de subsidios y la generación de externalidades tienen en la formalización de agentes productivos y en el gobierno. AbstractInformality is one of the main obstacles to the economic development of countries, as their productivity decreases. Despite this, informality represents an attractive option for any productive agent due to the immediate benefits it generates; for example, higher income due to tax evasion. However, the impact of informality on the entire economy is negative. The present study analyzes the interaction between government and companies based on the prisoner's dilemma, in which it is observed that being informal is an equilibrium strategy. This game allows us to establish different public policy options to combat informality. We particularly analyze the impact that the imposition of subsidies and the generation of externalities have on the formalization of productive agents and on government.Vo l . 2 ( 2 0 1 9 ) , N o . 2 , P r i m e r S e m e s t r e ( E n e r o -J u n i o ) , ( 8 -1 6 )
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