Despite existing policies on training health professionnels in essential newborn care (ENC), neonatal mortality still remains high in Mali. Our work aimed to assess the level of knowledge of health staff about ENC. Material and methods: From March 20 th to April 20 th , 2016, we interviewed newborn care providers at the six reference health centers and the Gabriel Touré University Hospital Center in Bamako. Results: In total, we interviewed 407 newborn care providers with a sex ratio of 0.52. Interviewees had over five years work experience in 62.1%. They considered a low Apgar score as an indication for neonatal resuscitation in 89%, regardless of profile (p = 0.1583). They knew the good aspiration technique in 54%, with nurses and midwives more knowledgeable (p < 0.001) of the reference health centers (p = 0.0000). The interviewees knew the indication and rate of ventilation in 30.2% and 16.0%, respectively. About one third (34%) thought oxygen administration should be systematic during ventilation. The knowledge level on ventilation was the lowest in the group of general practitioners (p = 0.0063 for oxygen indication and p < 0.001 for the technique). Knowledge level for other ENC components (temperature maintenance, eyes care, breastfeeding) were higher. The knowledge of the delay of the breasting did not correlated with either the profile (p = 0.0857) or the place of practice. The knowledge of the first bath was dependent on both the professional profile (p = 0.0002) and the ref-How to cite this paper: 312Open Journal of Pediatrics erence level (p = 0.0238). Conclusion: The level of knowledge of health professionnels on ENC should be improved. This will involve the integration of ENC in initial training curricula along with an appropriate continuing training policy thereafter.

Migraine is a debilitating but benign disease that can affect the quality of life of patients, disrupt the emotional relationships and impact on educational and vocational activities. The aim of our work was to study the epidemiology and impact of migraine in schools in the urban district of GAO in Mali.This is a cross-sectional study among students in the city of Gao. The survey was conducted in 11 schools, each of which represented a cluster. The study involved 733 students and diagnosis of migraine was made according to the 2004 IHS criteria except the criterion for the number of crises.The overall prevalence of migraine in school was 17.3% (95% CI [14.6% to 20%]). The headache prevalence among students was 20% (95% CI [16.91% to 23.09]), it was significantly higher 23.0% in girls than in boys 14.8% (p < 0.01). About its impact on school life, 63.8% of students had experienced absenteeism due to migraine from 1 to 14 days in the last quarter preceding the survey with a limiting concentration in 19.2% of students with migraine.In conclusion, migraine is common among students of Gao, it is more important in female. It has a negative impact on academic performance. It is therefore necessary to control its management to reduce the extent of the disease in this environment.

Stakeholder engagement is an essential pillar for the development of innovative public health interventions, including genetic approaches for malaria vector control. Scientific terminologies are mainly lacking in local languages, yet when research activities involve international partnership, the question of technical jargon and its translation is crucial for effective and meaningful communication with stakeholders. Target Malaria, a not-for-profit research consortium developing innovative genetic approaches to malaria vector control, carried out a linguistic exercise in Mali, Burkina Faso and Uganda to establish the appropriate translation of its key terminology to local languages of sites where the teams operate. While reviewing the literature, there was no commonly agreed approach to establish such glossary of technical terms in local languages of the field sites where Target Malaria operates. Because of its commitment to the value of co-development, Target Malaria decided to apply this principle for the linguistic work and to take the opportunity of this process to empower communities to take part in the dialogue on innovative vector control. The project worked with linguists from other institutions (whether public research ones or private language centre) who developed a first potential glossary in the local language after better understanding the project scientific approach. This initial glossary was then tested during focus groups with community members, which significantly improved the proposed translations by making them more appropriate to the local context and cultural understanding. The stepwise process revealed the complexity and importance of elaborating a common language with communities as well as the imbrication of language with cultural aspects. This exercise demonstrated the strength of a co-development approach with communities and language experts as a way to develop knowledge together and to tailor communication to the audience even in the language used.

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Introduction: Neonatal asphyxia (NA) is one of the most likely causes of neuro-developmental abnormalities in children. In Mali it is responsible for half of the early deaths and the third of neonatal mortality. Updated data would help understand and improve intervention strategies to reduce mortality. Objective: It is the study of epidemiological and clinical characteristics, the immediate outcome and the factors associated with newborn (NB) mortality with NA. Material and Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study from June 27 th to September 3 rd 2016 about the NBs admitted for NA in the Hospital Teaching Gabriel Touré of Bamako. The clinical and biological data including the prognosis were collected from the health records of women, the liaison sheets and the medical file. The analysis was done using the software Epi info version 3.5.1. Results: 76 NBs were included which represented 23.45% of hospitalizations. The majority (89.5%, n = 68) were admitted to less than 24 hours of life for NA grade III according to the Sarnat classification (43.4%, n = 33). The average age of mothers was 24.17 ± 5.5 years. Almost half (41.3%, n = 31) were primigravida. The most common obstetrical event was dystocia (64.5%, n = 49). The prognosis was poor in grade III anoxia in our patients (56%) of deaths. Conclusion: The périnatal anoxia (PA) is a major health issue in Mali because of its frequency and severity. Monitoring of pregnancies, delivery assisted by skillful and qualified personnel, mastery of neonatal resuscitation techniques are good means of prevention.