Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. is a fungal pathogen causes charcoal rot disease (Sin: Rhizoctonia bataticola) and is responsible for significant yield losses in many plants. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the antagonistic ability of 39 different bacteria, isolated from the fields of sugar beet in 2019, against the pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina isolated from sugar beet, beans and chickpeas. Approximately 31% of the bacteria showed antibiosis effect against the pathogen. It was determined that the effectiveness level of Lelliottia amnigena, Bacillus atrophaeus, B.pumilus and B. cereus (7 isolates) was moderate to high against Macrophomina phaseolina. Bacillus atrophaeus (PTo15-1a) showed the highest efficacy of 80%, 72.94% and 82.35% against Macrophomina phaseolina of chickpea, bean and sugar beet respectively. Lelliottia amnigena (Pto 14-1b) was moderately effective (57.78%) against the chickpea isolate of the pathogen. It was observed that of the seven Bacillus cereus isolates used in the experiment, three isolates (Pto14-1a, Pto12-1b, Pto17-1b) were highly effective against the chickpea pathogen, two (Pto12-1b, Pto14-2b) against bean pathogen, and one (Pto15-1b) against sugar beet isolate. Results have shown varied level of antagonism by different test bacterial against different Macrophomina phaseolina isolates, while the highest level of antibiosis shown by Bacillus atrophaeus against all pathogenic isolates indicated that it can be a potential future bioagent in managing the disease.
This study was carried out to determine the anastomosis groups and disease severity of Rhizoctonia solani, which causes root and root collar rot in chickpea production areas in Konya. A total of eleven isolates of Rhizoctonia spp. were obtained in the isolations made from the root and root collar of the plants in the surveys. Rhizoctonia isolates examined microscopically were grouped as multinucleate, binucleate according to the number of nuclei. Ten isolates were multinucleate and identified R. solani, while one isolate was binucleate Rhizoctonia sp. In pathogenicity tests, five multinucleate isolates were found to be pathogenic. Disease severity was determined as 100% for 1.2 A and 1.2 B coded isolates, 86% for 1.1 A coded isolate, 75% for 1.1 B coded isolate, and 44% for 1.2 C coded isolate. It was observed that the other multinucleate five isolates caused only a shortening in plant heights. No disease symptoms were observed in the plants inoculated by the binucleate isolate. All isolates were characterized using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA, and two different anastomosis groups were defined accordingly. It was determined that 5 virulence multinucleate R. solani isolates belonged to AG-4 HGII and 5 other multinucleate isolates to AG BI anastomosis group.
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