Background: Burns are considered among the most devastating injuries facing healthcare organizationsglobally. Low-and middle-income countries have high incidence. Objectives: To evaluate cases of fatal burns admitted to Menoufia University Hospital, Egypt over five years (starting from the first of January 2013 to the end of December 2017). Results:The total number of burn deaths was 113case. Males slightly outnumbered females. Victims with the age group between 20-40years were most affected followed by thoseless than 10years (35.4% and 28.3%respectively). The majority of cases were from rural areas, had more than 50% of burnt total body surface area, burn occurred mainly indoors, with accidental manner (96.5%) and mainly due to flame (85%). Septicemia was the leading cause of death. There was a statistically significant difference as regards duration of survival in relation to burnt total body surface area and cause of death. Recommendations: Mass education of the public should be done about safety instructions to reduce the incidence of burn injuries especially indoors. Availability of selected burn centers and detailed recording of data are mandatory.

Background: Poisoning of children is a major health problem in the developing as well as the developed world; it represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children and adolescents. Objectives: This study was designed to describe the pattern of childhood poisoning cases admitted to Menoufia Poison Control Center (MPCC) at Menoufia University Hospital over one year. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted on 760 children less than 18 year with acute poisoning and all required data about socio-demographic status, poison data and clinical assessment were collected and statistically analyzed. Results: The total number of cases during the period of study was (760) cases, males outnumbered females (55.5% versus 44.5% respectively). Those from 2 to 6 year were the highest age group which represented 62.1%. Pesticide poisoning was the most common exposure (34.4%) followed by household cleaning agents (30%). Most of poisoned cases were accidental (91.7%) while only 8.3% were suicidal. The most common route of poisoning was oral one (92.6%). Seasonal variation was noticed as regards rate of admitted cases with increased rate in summer and spring. Pesticides were the most common agents resulting in death (13cases of 15). According to poison severity score (PSS) 65.8% of cases were minor followed by moderate, asymptomatic and severe cases (21.7%, 9.7% and 2.8% respectively). About 9.6% needed ICU admissions, 95.9% of cases were cured and mortality rate was 2 %. Conclusion: Most children poisoning was accidental, mainly by oral route, more in summer and spring seasons, most commonly due to pesticides and household cleaning agents. Most of cases were completely cured. Recommendations: All medications and toxic products should be kept out of reach of children, availability of child resistant containers, mass media should create awareness about this problem and finally, good parental supervision is always necessary.

Sex determination is the starting point in forensic anthropology (identification of an individual from skeletal remains) as it reduces the number of possible matches of unknown persons by 50%. The talus bone has an important role in human sex identification due to its durability as it is usually recovered in an intact state and it is readily distinguished from its characteristic morphology during the recovery of human skeletons. The aim of this study was to investigate the sex-discriminating potential of the Transverse Breadth (TB) of the talus in a sample of Egyptian Population.Subjects and methods: This study was done using 320 computed tomography (CT) images of ankle joints (160 males and 160 females) obtained from Radiology Department, Menoufia University Hospital. Measurements were done in mid coronal sections. Sex dimorphism was evaluated using student t-test, demarking points (DPs), index of sexual dimorphism (ISD) and logistic regression analysis.Results:-The Transverse Breadth of right and left talus in males were statistically significantly higher than those in females. ISD confirm sexual dimorphism with higher DPs in males than those of females. Sensitivity was 76.9%, specificity was 75.6 % and accuracy rate was 76.9%.Conclusion:-It can be concluded that the transverse breadth of talus bone of this sample of Egyptian population is an important parameter for sex determination and CT is an accurate and reliable method for sex determination from talus bones.Recommendations:-Further similar studies estimating the role of talus bones in sex differentiation from different regions of Egypt are required. Application of the equation derived from the present study for sex determination on Egyptian population is recommended.

Physicians are subjected to many legal, ethical, and moral obligations. The balance between excellence in patient care and medico-legal requirements establishes a successful clinical practice. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate factors affecting knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of physicians in Menoufia governorate hospitals towards different medicolegal aspects. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional survey study was carried out from the beginning of October 2020 to the end of December 2020 at Menoufia governorate hospitals (both secondary and tertiary care hospitals). The physicians of different specialties who met the inclusion criteria and thoroughly answered questions of a predesigned self-administered questionnaire about knowledge, attitude, and practice towards different medico-legal aspects in clinical field attitude were included. Results: Among 387 studied physicians, the mean age was 38.97±9.58 years. 58.66% were male physicians. 58.40% were specialists. Most of them (67.44%) were working in secondary care hospitals, and 51.94% were surgeons. The duration of experience years was 12.74±7.26. 24.29% had both undergraduate and postgraduate medico-legal education and training. Linear regression analysis showed that the significant independent predictors of high awareness score were experience years, working in tertiary care hospitals and previous both undergraduate and post graduate medico-legal education and training. The significant independent predictors of high attitude score were experience years, specialty, and previous both undergraduate and postgraduate medico-legal education and training. In contrast, the significant independent predictors of high practice score were professional degree, specialty, and previous both undergraduate and postgraduate medicolegal education and training. Conclusion: Significant variations were identified in physicians' knowledge, attitude, and practices towards medico-legal aspects in Menoufia governorate hospitals. Both undergraduate and postgraduate medico-legal education and training significantly affected their awareness, attitude, and practices towards different ethical and legal issues.

In both clinical and forensic medicine, injuries resulting from falls establish a non-negligible ratio of patients and post-mortem examinations. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the pattern of injuries and effect of level of fall among cases of fatal falls from height admitted to Menoufia University Hospital from the first of June 2016 to the end of May 2021. Patients & methods: This retrospective study data was retrieved from patients' medical reports and from patients' hospital records using a special questionnaire prepared for this purpose. Data were collected including socio-demographic data, fall characteristics (time and place of occurrence), the height of fall (fall height was classified into two categories: high (≥ 6 meter and low < 6meter), circumstances, injury pattern (site and type of injuries), duration of survival, level of consciousness according to Glasgow coma scale and possible cause of death. Results: The most represented age group was 18-<40years (41.5%). Most of the cases were males (73.6%), accidental (98.1%), fell from ≥6 meters (56.6%), occurred at home (62.3%), at daytime (77.4), and 58.5% of cases showed injuries at multiple anatomical regions in the body. The level of fall significantly affected survival duration and types of chest and abdominal injuries. Central nervous system impairment was the cause of death in 73.6% of cases. Most patients (71.7%) had a Glasgow coma scale below 8. Conclusion: most cases were accidental, males, occurred at home, with multiple injuries. The level of fall significantly affected survival duration and types of chest and abdominal injuries. Recommendations: Necessary precautions to prevent accidental falls and safety measures for construction workers and window cleaners are mandatory.