Tumor volume ratio, based on preoperative MR volumetry, seems to predict deep MI independently in stage I endometrial cancer with insufficient sensitivity and specificity. Its value in clinical practice for risk stratification models in endometrial cancer has to be studied in larger cohort of patients.

Purpose To compare the effectiveness of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the staging of neuroblastomas according to the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Staging System (INRGSS). Material and methods In this single-centre retrospective study we identified a total of 20 patients under the age of 18 years, who were admitted to our hospital with neuroblastoma between January 2005 and May 2018, and who had both CT and MRI examination. The INRGSS stages of tumours were evaluated by CT scan and MRI. Then, stages of tumours were described according to the INRGSS for CT and MRI, separately. The Spearman rank correlation test was used for statistical analysis. The p -value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results The median age was 11 months, and the age range was one month to nine years. In our results; both MRI and CT were significant in the determination of radiological staging of NBL, p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively. MRI was superior to CT in radiological staging. MRI was also superior for the detection of intraspinal extension, involvement of multiple body compartments, metastatic disease, and bone marrow infiltration. CT was more useful to consider the relationship between tumours and vascular structures. Conclusions MRI and CT have high diagnostic accuracy rates in the staging of pre-treatment neuroblastomas. MRI is important in pre-treatment evaluation of neuroblastomas because of the higher detection of metastases as well as the lack of ionising radiation.

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BackgroundBiallelic variants in PNPT1 cause a mitochondrial disease of variable severity. PNPT1 (polynucleotide phosphorylase) is a mitochondrial protein involved in RNA processing where it has a dual role in the import of small RNAs into mitochondria and in preventing the formation and release of mitochondrial double-stranded RNA into the cytoplasm. This, in turn, prevents the activation of type I interferon response. Detailed neuroimaging findings in PNPT1-related disease are lacking with only a few patients reported with basal ganglia lesions (Leigh syndrome) or non-specific signs.Objective and methodsTo document neuroimaging data in six patients with PNPT1 highlighting novel findings.ResultsTwo patients exhibited striatal lesions compatible with Leigh syndrome; one patient exhibited leukoencephalopathy and one patient had a normal brain MRI. Interestingly, two unrelated patients exhibited cystic leukoencephalopathy resembling RNASET2-deficient patients, patients with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) or congenital CMV infection.ConclusionWe suggest that similar to RNASET2, PNPT1 be searched for in the setting of cystic leukoencephalopathy. These findings are in line with activation of type I interferon response observed in AGS, PNPT1 and RNASET2 deficiencies, suggesting a common pathophysiological pathway and linking mitochondrial diseases, interferonopathies and immune dysregulations.

The effects of trauma in children are different due to association with some anatomical and physiological differences compared with adults. The role of neuroimaging gains importance in early detection of traumatic brain injuries and prevention of secondary post-traumatic complications. Many algorithms are described for children with head trauma to decide the necessity of a computed tomography scan. The aims of this article are to describe differences of these algorithms, the mechanism of traumatic brain injury with radiological imaging findings in the pediatric population, and explain complications of undiagnosed traumatic brain lesions.

Purpose Our aim was to evaluate the performance of clot-based radiomics features (RFs) for predicting first pass effect (FPE) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The secondary purpose was to search for any other variables associated with FPE. Materials and methods Patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for anterior circulation large vessel stroke in a single center were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups: FPE and non-FPE. Two observers extracted RFs from the clot on pretreatment noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) images. Demographic, clinical, periprocedural, and RFs were compared between the groups and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors of FPE. Results Fifty-two patients (27 female, 25 male; mean age 64.50 ± 15.15) who were treated by stent retrievers as the first option were included in the study. FPE was achieved in 25 patients (25/52, 48.1%). Twelve RFs were significantly different between patients with FPE and non-FPE. The long-run low gray-level emphasis (odds ratio = 44.24, p = 0.003) and the zone percentage (odds ratio = 16.88, p = 0.017) were found as independent predictors of FPE. Female sex and a baseline ASPECT score of >8.5 were the other independent variables to predict FPE. The diagnostic accuracy to predict FPE was observed as 83% when using all independent predictors in our predictive model. Conclusions Clot-based RFs on NCCT may help to estimate the success of the intended outcome of MT in patients with AIS.

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Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based texture analysis (TA) of the basal ganglia and thalami to distinguish moderate-to-severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) from mild HIE in neonates. Methods: This study included 68 neonates (15 with mild, 20 with moderate-to-severe HIE, and 33 control) were born at 37 gestational weeks or later and underwent MRI in first 10 days after birth. The basal ganglia and thalami were delineated for TA on the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps, T1-, and T2-weighted images. The basal ganglia, thalami, and the posterior limb of the internal capsule (PLIC) were also evaluated visually on diffusion-weighted imaging and T1-weighted sequence. Receiver operating characteristic curve and logistic regression analyses were used. Results: Totally 56 texture features for the basal ganglia and 46 features for the thalami were significantly different between the HIE groups on the ADC maps, T1-, and T2-weighted sequences. Using a Histogram_entropy log-10 value as >1.8 from the basal ganglia on the ADC maps (p < 0.001; OR, 266) and the absence of hyperintensity of the PLIC on T1-weighted images (p = 0.012; OR, 17.11) were found as independent predictors for moderate-to-severe HIE. Using only a Histogram_entropy log-10 value had an equal diagnostic yield when compared to its combination with other texture features and imaging findings. Conclusion: The Histogram_entropy log-10 value can be used as an indicator to differentiate from moderate-to-severe to mild HIE. Advances in knowledge: MRI-based TA may provide quantitative findings to indicate different stages in neonates with perinatal asphyxia.