A novel thermotolerant, anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming bacterium was isolated from a hydrothermal chimney in Prony Bay, New Caledonia. This strain, designated FatNI3 T , grew at 15-55 6C (optimum 30 6C) and at pH 5.8-8.9 (optimum 7.7). It was slightly halophilic, requiring at least 0.5 % NaCl for growth (optimum 2.5-3.0 %), and was able to grow at up to 6 % NaCl. Sulfate, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, sulfite, nitrate and nitrite were not used as terminal electron acceptors. Growth of strain FatNI3 T was inhibited in the presence of sulfite (2 mM) or nitrite (2 mM). Strain FatNI3 T fermented cellobiose, glucose, mannose, maltose, sucrose, galactose, lactose, ribose, fructose, rhamnose, raffinose, xylose, yeast extract, peptone and biotrypticase. The main fermentation products from glucose metabolism were acetate, ethanol, H 2 and CO 2 . The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C 15 : 0 and anteiso-C 15 : 0 . The main polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and unknown glycolipids and phospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 36.6 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic and physiological properties, strain FatNI3 T (5DSM 259045JCM 18391) belonging to the phylum Firmicutes, class Clostridia, order Clostridiales, is proposed as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Vallitalea, for which the name Vallitalea pronyensis sp. nov. is proposed.The hydrothermal alkaline springs of Prony Bay in the southern lagoon of New Caledonia have been known since the nineteenth century. The first scientific report concerns the geochemical characterization of the 'Roc Aiguille', a large (~36 m height) carbonated [CaCO 3 and Mg(OH) 2 ] spire diffusing shimmering alkaline fluid (up to pH 11.2) and gas bubbles located at~50 m depth in the bay (Launay & Fontes, 1985). Recent high-resolution mapping of the seafloor has revealed the existence of numerous underwater structures similar to the Roc Aiguille, which are also the location of high pH fluid discharge into the lagoon (Pelletier et al., 2006). In November 2010, samples of fluids and concretions were collected by scuba diving at different vents emitting high pH fluids to study the microbial communities of this novel ecosystem.Preliminary survey of the prokaryotic diversity by molecular approaches (16S rRNA gene clone libraries) provided evidence of anaerobic methane-oxidizing and methanogenic archaea together with fermentative bacteria inhabiting the highly porous carbonated structures inside the active chimneys, fuelled by the alkaline fluid (Erauso et al., 2012). Both the structure and the composition of the microbial communities were similar to that of the extensively studied ecosystem of 'Lost City', a very wellknown alkaline hydrothermal field located on the MidAtlantic Ridge (Brazelton et al., 2006;Schrenk et al., 2004). Both sites consist of so-called ultramafic hydrothermal systems driven by serpentinization reactions of water with mantle rocks resulting in warm, anoxic, highly alkaline fluids (up to pH 11.2)...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.