Pure and samarium-nickel co-doped TiO 2 nanoparticles with different Sm contents were synthesised by sol-gel method. The synthesised nanoparticles were characterised using different techniques. It is revealed from experimental results that the doping of TiO 2 with samarium and nickel not only increase the surface area of mesoporous TiO 2 but also decrease the particle size (17.0 nm to 8.01 nm by increasing Sm +3 contents). Diffuse-reflectance spectroscopic studies showed the slight red shift in band-gap transitions and appearance of the new absorption band in the visible region (719 nm) caused by Ni +2 and Sm +3 doping. The photocatalytic degradation of azo dyes (Reactive Red-195 and Reactive Black-08) was carried out in visible region using modified TiO 2 at different pH values. Results revealed that 99% of RR-195 and 75.33% RB-08 were degraded after 10-20 minutes of irradiation. Maximum degradation was achieved in case of nanoparticles co-doped with 5% Ni and 3% Sm.
This current study was planned to evaluate effect of exogenous phytase supplementedMoringaoleifera leaf meal (MOLM) diet on mineral digestibility of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. To conduct the experiment, six experimental diets based on MOLM with 0, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 FTU kg -1 phytase level wereformulated. Chromic oxide (1%) was added in the feed as indigestible marker. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replicates was adopted to accomplish the experiment. Stocking density in each V-shaped triplicate tank was 15 fingerlings; fed at the rate of 5% of live wet weight. Results predicted that the fish group fed MOLM based diet supplemented with 600 FTU kg -1 phytase showed highest Apparent Digestibility Coefficient (ADC) % of minerals and minimum quantity was discharged through feces. Hence, to release chelated minerals in MOLM, phytase at the level of 600 FTU kg -1 proved very effective.By viewing above results, it became clear that phytase supplementation to MOLM based diet is helpful in formulation of cost effective and environment friendly feed forO. niloticus fingerlings.
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