No abstract

To investigate the changes in characteristics (CIE L*, a* and b*) of liver colour as well as growth, carcass and digestive tract of broilers as influenced by stage and schedule of feed restriction, 400 two-week-old broilers (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to 20 floor pens. Four replicate pens of 20 equally mixed sex birds per pen were randomly allotted each of the five treatments. Birds in control were fed ad libitum. Birds in QFRM and QFRL were restricted 75% of ad libitum intake (quantitative feed restriction, QFR) for 10 days. Birds in FTRM and FTRL were fed ad libitum for 7 days per a period of 10 days with third, fifth and seventh days of feed withdrawal (feeding time restriction, FTR). The restrictions in the QFRM and FTRM started on day 14 (at middle age, M) while the restrictions in the QFRL and FTRL started on day 31 (at late age, L). The restricted broilers consumed less feed than the full-fed birds (p < 0.05). The QFRM and FTRM birds consumed less feed than QFRL and FTRL birds (p < 0.05). The body weight gain decreased by the QFRL and FTRL, the feed efficiency increased by the QFRM and FTRM compared to other treatments (p < 0.05). The QFRL and FTRL increased a* and b* values of liver and the relative weights of gut and liver, and the FTRL increased the L* value of liver compared to other treatments (p < 0.05). The QFRL and FTRL decreased the relative weight of abdominal fat compared to the control (p < 0.05). In conclusion, (i) the restricted feeding at middle stage improved feed efficiency; (ii) the restricted feeding at later stage decreased growth rate and abdominal fat; and (iii) limited-time feeding during later period caused a measurable variation in the liver colour.

No abstract

Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the effects of coronary collateral circulation (CCC) in patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods A total of 127 patients who had undergone CABG (2011-2013) were enrolled into this study and follow-up was obtained by phone contact. Patients were categorized into two groups according to preoperative CCC using the Rentrop method. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), recurrent myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, heart failure (HF), and mortality rates were compared between groups. Clinical outcome was defined as combined end point including death, PCI, recurrent MI, stroke, and HF. Results Sixty-two of 127 patients had poor CCC and 65 had good CCC. There were no differences in terms of PCI, recurrent MI, and HF between the groups. Stroke (seven of 62 [11.3%] and one of 65 [1.5%], P =0.026) and mortality (19 of 62 [30.6%] and 10 of 65 [15.4%], P =0.033) rates were significantly higher in poor CCC group than in good CCC group. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, survival time was not statistically different between the groups. Presence of poor CCC resulted in a significantly higher combined end point incidence ( P =0.011). Conclusion Stroke, mortality rates, and combined end point incidence were significantly higher in poor CCC patients than in the good CCC group.

Background This study investigated the relationship between coronary collateral circulation (CCC) and non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non–HDL-C) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Coronary collateral circulation plays a critical role in supporting blood flow, particularly in the ischemic myocardium. Previous studies show that non–HDL-C plays a more important role in the formation and progression of atherosclerosis than do standard lipid parameters. Methods A total of 226 patients with stable CAD and stenosis of more than 95% in at least 1 epicardial coronary artery were included in the study. Rentrop classification was used to assign patients into group 1 (n = 85; poor collateral) or 2 (n = 141; good collateral). To adjust for the observed imbalance in baseline covariates between study groups, propensity-score matching was used. Covariates were diabetes, Gensini score, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use. Results In the propensity-matched population, the plasma non–HDL-C level (mean [SD], 177.86 [44.0] mg/dL vs 155.6 [46.21] mg/dL; P = .001) was statistically higher in the poor-collateral group. LDL-C (odds ratio [OR], 1.23; 95% CI, 1.11–1.30; P = .01), non–HDL-C (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.20–1.51; P = .01), C-reactive protein (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.11–1.32; P = .03), systemic immune-inflammation index (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05–1.21; P = .01), and C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.06–1.17; P = .01) remained independent predictors of CCC in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusion Non–HDL-C was an independent risk factor for developing poor CCC in stable CAD.