No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Aim of the study. Among subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) patients, delayed cerebral injury (DCI) and infarction are the most important causes of death and major disability. Cerebral vasospasm (cVS) and DCI remain the major cause of death and disability. Thymoquinone (TQ) is the substance most responsible for the biological activity of nigella sativa (NS) and is useful in the treatment of ischaemic and neurodegenerative diseases, oxidative stress, inflammatory events, cardiovascular and neurological diseases.We conducted an experimental study aimed to investigate the preventive and corrective effects of TQ.Materials and methods. 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. The first was the control group which was a sham surgery group. The second group was the SAH group where the double haemorrage SAH protocol was used to induce vasospasm. The third group was the SAH+TQ group, where cVS was induced by the SAH protocol and the animals received oral 2 cc thymoquinone solution for seven days at a dose of 10 mg/kg, after the induction of SAH. The rats were euthanised seven days after the first procedure. The degree of cerebral vasospasm was evaluated by measuring the basilar artery luminal area and arterial wall thickness. Apoptosis was measured by the western blot method at brainstem neural tissue. Oxidative stress was measured by the Erel Method. Endothelin-1 was measured with ELISA analysis at blood. Statistical analysis was performed. Results.Endothelin-1 values were found to be statistically significantly lower in the control and SAH+TQ groups compared to the SAH group (P < 0.001). Mean lumen area values were significantly higher in the control and SAH+TQ groups than in the SAH group (P < 0.001). In the control and SAH+TQ groups, wall thickness values decreased significantly compared to the SAH group (P < 0.001). OSI values were significantly lower in the control and SAH+TQ groups than in the SAH group (P < 0.001). Apoptosis was significantly lower in the control and SAH+TQ groups than in the SAH group (P < 0.001). Conclusion.Our results show that post-SAH TQ inhibits/improves DCI and cVS with positive effects on oxidative stress, apoptosis, ET-1, lumen area, and vessel wall thickness, probably due to its anti-ischaemic, antispasmodic, antioxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective effects.

This article is available in open access under Creative Common Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license, allowing to download articles and share them with others as long as they credit the authors and the publisher, but without permission to change them in any way or use them commercially.

Chronic subdural hematoma and cranial abscess are two phenomena that are easy to differentiate in daily neurosurgical practice. Although the neurological symptoms may be the same in both, today's imaging techniques and laboratory facilities are helpful for a definitive diagnosis. In this study, a patient who was operated on for a subdural hematoma came to the emergency room after 1 month with distinct hemiparesis appearing in the right arm and speech difficulties. Hospitalized due to the appearance of an abscess, which had a pachys capsule, keeping the contrast in the left parietal in the cranial CT and MR, the patient was operated on, and the mass was excised, along with the capsule. The lesion of the patient, which showed no reproduction in the culture, was diagnosed as a growing hemorrhagic cystic lesion, covered by a thick capsule. The literature showed no such growing cystic lesion causing a shift like an abscess after chronic subdural hematoma operation. We believe that it would be appropriate to consider a differential diagnosis, besides diagnoses, such as abscess or subdural empyema. Do we evaluate cystic lesion like abscess such as inflammatory response.Key Words: Hydrocephalus, subdural hematoma, intracerebral abscess, intracerebral cyst ÖZETKronik subdural hematom ve kranial abse günlük nöroşirurji pratiğinde kolay ayırt edilebilen tanılardır. Her iki kranial patolojinin nörolojik semptomları aynı olabilmektedir. Günümüzün görüntü-leme teknikleri ve laboratuar imkanları kesin tanı için yardımcıdır. Bu çalışmada Kronik Subdural Hematom (KSDH) nedeni ile opere olan hasta, bir ay sonra sağ kolda belirgin hemiparazi ve konuş-ma güçlüğü ile acil servisimize geldi. Kranial Bilgisayarlı Tomografide (BT) ve Magnetik Rezonans (MR) görüntülemede sol parietal lobda kontrast tutan kalın kapsüle sahip apse görünümü olması nedeni ile servise alındı. Daha sonra opere edilerek kapsülü ile birlikte kitle eksize edildi. Geniş spektrumlu antibiyoterapi başlandı. Hastanın ameliyat esnasında alınan materyal kültürlerinde üreme olmadı. Literatürde; kronik subdural hematom ameliyatı sonrası, apse benzeri görüntüye sahip, büyüyerek şifte neden olan kistik lezyona rastlanmadı.Apse ve/veya subdural ampiyem, KSDH lardan sonra görülebildiği gibi benzer görünümleri nonspesifik enflamasyon yanıtı olarak da değerlendirebiliriz. Bu çalışmada; geçi-rilen bir dizi kranial ameliyatlardan sonra,intrakranial abse benzeri lezyon ile başvuran hastanın sunumunu yapmayı amaçladık. GirişNon travmatik kronik subdural hematom ile günlük nöröşirurji pratiğinde sıklıkla karşılmaz. Non travmatik subdural hemorajiler koagulasyon bozukluklarına bağlı olabileceği gibi cerrahi sonrası (kraniotomi, VP shunt uygulaması gibi ) veya intrakranial hipotansiyona neden olan girişimlerden sonrada (Lomber Ponksiyon, LP shunt,spinal epidural anestezi gibi) görülebilmektedir (1, 2).Subdural ampiyem dura mater iç tabakası ile araknoid membran dış tabakası arasındaki potansiyel boşlukta pü birikmesi olarak tanımlanır. Subdural ampiyemin en sık nedeni çocuk...