Introduction: Due to significant social, economic, cultural, and lifestyle changes in Iran during past decades and the relationship among the unstable social and economic status and mental complications the study of psychiatric disorders has become important and necessary, the aim of this study was epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents.
Methods: A total of 1035 children aged 6-18 years from Yazd Province, Iran were enrolled in this cross-sectional study in 2017 using a multistage cluster sampling method. Data were collected using the following inventories for school-age children (6-18 years): Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SAD-SPL). Logistic regression and SPSS version 16 software were used for data analysis.
Results: 44.1% of participants were boys and 55.9% were girls. The mean age of the participants was 11.3±3.9 years. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents was 35.5%. Meanwhile, anxiety disorders had the highest prevalence rate (22.2%) and among anxiety disorders, separation anxiety disorder (8.7%) and generalized anxiety (8.6%) were the most prevalent. There was a significant difference in all psychiatric disorders based on gender, more evident in the high rate of obsessive-compulsive disorder, enuresis, tic, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, hyperactivity, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, smoking disorder, and epilepsy were more evident in boys (P-value < 0.05).
Conclusion: The prevalence rate of psychiatric disorders in young population of Yazd Province is relatively high and because of its impact on individuals' social and personal function, it could have substantial implications for mental health services.
Abstract-During the last few years, Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have emerged into many application domains, such as medicine, sport, entertainments, military, and monitoring. This emerging networking technology can be used for e-health monitoring. In this paper, we review the literature and investigate the challenges in the development architecture of WBANs. Then, we classified the challenges of WBANs that need to be addressed for their development. Moreover, we investigate the various diseases and healthcare systems and current state-ofthe-art of applications and mainly focus on the remote monitoring for elderly and chronically diseases patients. Finally, relevant research issues and future development are discussed.
In this article, we present a new Ant-routing algorithm with colored pheromones and clustering techniques for satisfying users' Quality of Service (QoS) requirements in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). An important problem is to detect the best route from a source node to the destination node. Moreover, it is considered that the feature of nonuniformly distributed traffic load and possibility existing of the traffic requiring various performances; therefore, it is assumed the different class of traffic required for QoS of communication. In this paper, novel protocol, the suitability of using meta-heuristic an ant colony optimization based on energy saving and multi objectives, the demand of QoS routing protocol for WSN will be very adaptive ,resident power and mainly decrease end-to-end delay. These metrics are used by colored pheromones adapted to the traffic classes. Moreover, we reinforce the proposed method for scalability issue by clustering techniques. We use a proactive route discover algorithms in clusters and reactive discovery mechanism between different clusters. Compared to existing QoS routing protocols, the novel algorithm has been designed for various service categories such as real time (RT) and best effort (BE) traffic, resulted lower packet deadline miss ratio and higher energy efficiency and better QoS and longer lifetime.
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