Background Maternal education is one of the main ways to improve children's nutritional behaviors and development. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on Health Belief Model (HBM) on mothers monitoring growth of 6–12 months child with growth disorders in Ghirokarzin city, Fars Provonce, Iran. Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted on mothers of 6–12 months children with growth disorders of Ghirokarzin city, Fars province, Iran in 2021–2022. One hundred twenty mothers of 6–12 months child with growth disorders in Ghirokarzin city were selected using random sampling method and were divided into two groups of intervention (60) and control (60). The experimental group received training on the HBM constructs. Both groups completed the questionnaire before and three months after.intervention. A questionnaire beased on Health Belief Model constructs were used to collect information. The data was analyzed with SPSS 22 software using paired t-tests, Chi-square tests, and independent t-tests, with a significance level of 0.05. Results Three months after the educational intervention, the experimental group showed a significant increase in terms of knowledge, HBM constructs, weight of the children and feeding behavior. Conclusion This study showed the educational intervention based on the HBM improved the knowledge and feeding behavior of mothers and improved Growth Disorders of child. Hence, this model can act as a framework for designing and implementing educational interventions for prevention of growth disorders in children.
Objectives: Old age is often associated with a progressive decline in the capacity of individuals to maintain dynamic and static balance, leading to falls and fear of falling. This study aimed to validate the 9-item Berg Balance Scale (BBS-9) for the older Iranian population. Methods: The current psychometric study involved translation of the BBS-9 to Persian language and its validation among a cohort of Persian-speaking elderly people. Confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency, construct validity, test-retest reliability, receiver operating characteristic analysis, inter-rater, and convergent validity of the BBS-9 (Persian) were investigated and statistically analyzed. Results: The participants were 9117 Iranians with an average age of 64.3±2.45 years. The cohort was 54.1% female. Nearly three quarters of the subjects (72.4%) lived alone, 92.9% needed help with activities of daily living, and 93.0% sustained falls in the previous two years. Internal consistency was confirmed using intraclass correlation coefficient and McDonald’s Omega (≥ 0.75). The receiver operating characteristic analysis represented the exact cut-off values for male and female and with or without fear of falling with good specificity and sensitivity. Analysis of variance revealed that fear of falling was significantly related to age, Aging in Place, loneliness, hospitalization rate, frailty, and sense of anxiety (effect size ≥ 0.130, p ≤ 0.050). Conclusions: The Persian version of BBS-9, a psychometrically sound self-reported measure of fear of falling, retained the original’s satisfactory psychometric properties. It has the potential to be used among older Iranians in community-based and clinical settings.
Background: Measuring of social capital has turned out to be a point view in most social studies Social capital defined as linkage among social systems and groups for strengthening communication among citizens. Notwithstanding, there is neglect for that among gerontologists sociologically. Method: This study attend to portray distribution of social capital within 3031 aged samples in eight counties of Khuzistan province in southwest of Iran with the majority of Arab dwellers during 2020. About 26 definitions for indicators of social capital were mentioned and 23 main categories were collected. Results: Finally, the instrument for collection of data was conducted by them. Social Intermediary is new indicator to estimate social capital about elders first time. Findings have mentioned new definition for social capital in Gerontological aspect. Discussion and Conclusion: There are most deference and variations within indicators of social capital upon rural are and ethnicity that war policies about seniors in society.
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