Background: Psychological causes, in addition to some physiological factors, can play roles in the development of noncommunicable diseases. Stroke, heart attack, and dialysis patients experience physical and cognitive disorders. This study was carried out to compare personality types, everyday memory, and rumination among stroke, heart attack, and dialysis patients. Methods: In this descriptive study, which followed by a causal-comparative design, 90 stroke (30), heart attack (30), and dialysis (30) patients were selected in Zahedan, in 2017, using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected using NEO Personality Types Inventory (NEO -60), Sunderland Everyday Memory Scale, as well as the Ghorbani Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire and were analyzed step by step via SPSS23. Results: Results indicated that there were significant differences among the stroke, heart attack, and dialysis patients with regard to openness. However, no significant differences were found considering other personality types (P < 0.05). Moreover, mean scores on rumination and everyday memory of the stroke patients were greater than those of the dialysis and heart attack patients. Conclusions: As long as a person's cognitive system is involved with stressful events related to a trauma, his/her memory structure has a low performance, which decreases adherence and response to rehabilitation and affects the person's quality of life as well as improvement of his/her performance.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of story reading on incidental lexical and grammatical collocation learning. Moreover, it was an attempt to scrutinize whether there was any significant difference between incidental lexical and grammatical collocation learning. To this end, 36 Iranian EFL learners attending Sadra English Institute in Yasuj participated in the study. They were selected based on the result of quick placement test (QPT) as 28 out of 36 elementary EFL learners. A total of 28 learners were assigned into one experimental group (n=15) and one control group (n=13). The result of the pre-test and post-test analysis using One-Way ANCOVA and MANCOVA revealed the fact that that there was statistically significant increase in collocation knowledge of the learners. In addition, participants performed significantly on grammatical post-test than lexical post-test after the treatment.