Fire is one of the most dangerous phenomena causing major casualties and financial losses in hospitals and healthcare settings. In order to prevent and control the fire sources, first risk assessment should be conducted. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is one of the techniques widely used for risk assessment. However, Risk Priority Number (RPN) in this technique does not take into account the weight of the risk parameters. In addition, indirect relationships between risk parameters and expert opinions are not considered in decision making in this method. The aim is to conduct fire risk assessment of healthcare setting using the application of FMEA combined with Multi‐Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods. First, a review of previous studies on fire risk assessment was conducted and existing rules were identified. Then, the factors influencing fire risk were classified according to FMEA criteria. In the next step, weights of fire risk criteria and subcriteria were determined using Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multiplicative Best-Worst Method (IFMBWM) and different wards of the hospital were ranked using Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Combinative Distance-based Assessment (IVIFCODAS) method. Finally, a case study was performed in one of the hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. In this study, fire alarm system (0.4995), electrical equipment and installations (0.277), and flammable materials (0.1065) had the highest weight, respectively. The hospital powerhouse also had the highest fire risk, due to the lack of fire extinguishers, alarms and fire detection, facilities located in the basement floor, boilers and explosive sensitivity, insufficient access, and housekeeping. The use of MCDM methods in combination with the FMEA method assesses the risk of fire in hospitals and health centers with great accuracy.
Background: A disaster, as a serious disruption in the functioning of society, may cause extensive damage. Following a disaster, the demand for healthcare increases, and people rush to healthcare centers. In such situations, health staff and medical services play an important role. As a result, people’s knowledge, attitude, and practice toward disaster preparedness in the workplace play an important role in accident prevention. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of hospital staff to prepare for disasters in 2020. A total number of 350 hospital staff working at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were selected using the cluster sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect the data and SPSS software, version 21 was used to analyze the data. Results: The mean scores for knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding disaster preparedness were 9.44±1.53, 39.26±4.8, and 7.26±3.66, respectively. In addition, 74.5%, 89.5%, and 29.2% of participants showed good knowledge, attitude, and practice, respectively. There was a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude (r=254, P<0.001), knowledge and practice (r=205, P<0.001), and attitude and practice (r=161, P=0.004). Conclusion: Results revealed a good level of knowledge and attitude and a moderate level of practice in hospital staff in terms of disaster preparedness. It seems necessary to hold both theoretical and practical training programs as well as operational maneuvers with an emphasis on repetition in appropriate intervals.
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