<p class="Abstract">Oral cancer is becoming frightful public health issue because of its raising incidence as well as mortality rates worldwide. Out of all types of oral cancer, the oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor with an incidence of about 90%. This fatal disease is diagnosed through a comprehensive clinical examination followed by the histological assessments forming the diagnostic gold standard. Although the oral cavity is simply accessible, but maximum oral cancers are usually diagnosed at the late stage. Consequently, it is necessary to implicate newer screening and early diagnosing approaches which will diminish the morbidity as well as mortality related to this disease. Saliva which is a complex biological fluid has a direct relation with the oral cancer lesion and contains abnormal DNA, RNA, protein molecules released by the malignant cells. These can be labelled as neoplastic biomarkers proposed to play an important role in diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic purposes for oral cancers as well as other diseases. The aim of this review paper is to concisely discuss the different types of potential salivary biomarkers as well as their interaction for screening of oral cancers.</p>
The constitution of enamel demineralization or white spot lesion (WSL) at the side of fixed orthodontic appliance is a usual complexity seen at the period of fixed orthodontic treatment and after completion of this treatment, which scupper the accomplishment of a successfully completed case. Restraining programmes for managing this orthodontic side effect must be accentuated for all orthodontic patients. The concern of an orthodontist is to abate the risk of decalcification as a sequence of orthodontic treatment by instructing and motivating the patients for good oral hygiene care. Recognition of WSL before the orthodontic treatment might allow performing preventive measures to counteract the process of progression of lesion. Modern strategies of managing WSL during and after the orthodontic treatment are reviewed coevally in this article. This review represents the prevention and management of white spot lesion by topical fluoride releasing materials (bonding agent resin modified glass ionomer cements [RMGICs], toothpaste, gel, mouthwash, varnishes), pro-biotic, polyols, antiseptic, sealants, casein supplements, laser, tooth bleaching agent, micro-abrasion and resin infiltration which are effectual. Nevertheless the implementation of RMGICs, casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate, micro-abrasion, resin infiltration can be more adjuvant than only the fluoride rinses in the abatement of white spot lesion or demineralization spots.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.