We evaluated the appropriateness of antibiotic prophylaxis administered before surgery at a major referral hospital in Shiraz, against the American Society of Hospital Pharmacists (ASHP) guidelines. Data on surgical procedure, choice of antibiotic and administration were gathered for all surgeries performed on hospitalized patients during 15 days in March 2010. Of 155 patients included in the analysis, 98% received prophylactic antibiotic before surgery; according to ASHP guidelines, prophylaxis was needed in only 106 (68.4%). Of these 106, only 8 patients received the correct antibiotic regimen. The commonest regimens administered were cefazolin + gentamicin (47.6%), cefazolin (20.5%) and cefuroxime (8.5%). Antibiotic prophylaxis was continued in 83% of cases, while this was necessary in only 37%. In only 1 surgical procedure were all evaluated parameters correct. ‫نيا‬ ‫فروغي‬ ‫فرزانه‬ ‫ناه،‬َ ‫رب‬ َ ‫داو‬ ‫عيل‬ ‫حممد‬ ‫نامزي،‬ ‫ها‬ ُ ‫س‬ ‫وصال،‬ ‫غزال‬ ‫مدينة‬ ‫يف‬ ‫الكربى‬ ‫اإلحالة‬ ‫مستشفيات‬ ‫أحد‬ ‫يف‬ ‫اجلراحة‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫احليوية‬ ‫للمضادات‬ ‫الوقائي‬ ‫اإلعطاء‬ ‫مة‬ َ ‫الء‬ ُ ‫م‬ ‫ملدى‬ ً ‫تقييام‬ ‫الباحثون‬ ‫أجرى‬ ‫قد‬ ‫اخلالصة:‬ ‫املضادات‬ ‫واختيار‬ ‫اجلراحية،‬ ‫اإلجراءات‬ ‫حول‬ ‫املعطيات‬ ‫ْع‬ َ ‫ج‬ ‫وتم‬ ‫املستشفيات.‬ ‫لصيادلة‬ ‫األمريكية‬ ‫للجمعية‬ ‫اإلرشادية‬ ‫للدالئل‬ ً ‫وفقا‬ ‫وذلك‬ ‫شرياز،‬ ‫وقد‬ .2010 ‫آذار/مارس‬ ‫شهر‬ ‫يف‬ ً ‫يوما‬ ‫عرش‬ ‫مخسة‬ ‫مدى‬ ‫عىل‬ ‫املستشفى‬ ‫يف‬ ‫ني‬ َ ‫عاجل‬ ُ ‫م‬ ‫مرىض‬ ‫عىل‬ ‫أجريت‬ ‫التي‬ ‫اجلراحات‬ ‫جيع‬ ‫من‬ ‫وإعطائها‬ ‫احليوية‬ ‫للجمعية‬ ‫اإلرشادية‬ ‫الدالئل‬ ‫عىل‬ ً ‫بناء‬ ‫بأنه‬ ً ‫علام‬ ‫اجلراحة؛‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫ّقائية‬ ‫ات‬ ‫حيوية‬ ‫مضادات‬ ‫َّوا‬ ‫تلق‬ ‫قد‬ ‫التحليل،‬ ‫يف‬ ‫درجوا‬ ُ ‫أ‬ ً ‫مريضا‬ 155 ‫أصل‬ ‫من‬ %98 ‫أن‬ َّ ‫تبني‬ ‫ثامنية‬ ‫تلقى‬ ‫مرىض،‬ 106 ‫الـ‬ ‫هؤالء‬ ‫بني‬ ‫ومن‬ .)%68.4( ‫حاالت‬ 106 ‫يف‬ ‫إال‬ ‫الوقاية‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫حاجة‬ ‫هناك‬ ‫يكن‬ ‫مل‬ ‫املستشفيات،‬ ‫لصيادلة‬ ‫األمريكية‬ ‫ه‬ ‫وحدَ‬ ‫والسيفازولني‬ ،)%47.6( ‫اجلنتاميسني‬ ‫مع‬ ‫السيفازولني‬ ‫هو‬ ً ‫شيوعا‬ ‫العالجية‬ ‫النظم‬ ‫أكثر‬ ‫وكان‬ ‫احليوي.‬ ‫باملضاد‬ ‫الصحيح‬ ‫العالجي‬ ‫النظام‬ ‫فقط‬ ‫من‬ %37 ‫يف‬ ‫إال‬ ً ‫رضوريا‬ ‫ذلك‬ ‫يكن‬ ‫مل‬ ‫حني‬ ‫يف‬ ‫احلاالت،‬ ‫من‬ %83 ‫يف‬ ‫االتقائي‬ ‫احليوي‬ ‫املضاد‬ ‫إعطاء‬ ‫عىل‬ َ ‫وبر‬ ُ ‫ث‬ ‫وقد‬ .)%8.5( ‫والسيفيوروكسيم‬ ،)%20.5( ‫فقط.‬ ‫واحد‬ ‫جراحي‬ ‫إجراء‬ ‫يف‬ ‫صحيحة‬ ‫تقييمها‬ ‫جرى‬ ‫التي‬ ‫املتثابتات‬ ‫جيع‬ ‫وكانت‬ ‫فحسب.‬ ‫احلاالت‬ Évaluation de l'administration prophylactique d'antibiotiques au service de chirurgie d'un grand hôpital de recours en République islamique d'IranRÉSUMÉ Nous avons évalué l'opportunité de l'administration d'antibiotiques prophylactiques avant une intervention chirurgicale dans un grand hôpital de recours à Chiraz, conformément aux directives de l'American Society of Health-System Pharmacists [Société américaine des pharmaciens du système de soins de santé]. Les données sur l'acte chirurgical, le choix des antibiotiques et leur administration ont été collectées pour toutes les interventions chirurgicales réalisées chez des patients hospitalisés pendant 15 jours en mars 2010. Sur 155 patients, 98 % d'entre eux ont reçu une ant...

Arisen in China, COVID‐19 (SARS‐CoV‐II) is a novel coronavirus that has been expanding fast worldwide. Till now, no definite remedial drug or vaccine has been identified for COVID‐19 treatment. Still, for a majority of infected patients, supportive therapy is the cornerstone of the management plan. To the importance of managing the COVID‐19 pandemic, this article proposed to collecting capable medicinal plants and bioactive components in both treat and supportive therapy of this novel viral infection. Clinical points in the pathogenesis, symptoms, and complications of COVID‐19 were considered. The effective plants and bioactives that may play a role in supportive therapy/management of COVID‐19 were searched, collected through the “Scopus” database and listed in three sections. Numerous medicinal plants such as Citrus Spp., Camellia sinensis, and Glycyrrhiza glabra can interference with COVID‐19 pathogenesis via inhibition of virus replication and entry to its host cells. Also, some anti‐inflammatory herbal medicine such as Andrographis paniculata, Citrus spp., and Cuminum cyminum can relieve fever and cough in COVID‐19 patients. Medicinal plants such as G. glabra, Thymus vulgaris, Allium sativum, Althea officinalis, and Panax ginseng may modulate the immune system and possess prevention and supportive therapy. However, more clinical data are required to confirm these hypotheses.

Objective:In this study, we aimed to evaluate the attachment to stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) guideline in the neurology wards of two teaching and nonteaching hospitals.Methods:A total of 243 patients were retrospectively reviewed in the neurology wards of two teaching and nonteaching hospitals. To assess the appropriate administration of SUP, an internal guideline was prepared using the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) protocol.Findings:SUP prescriptions were noncompliant with ASHP guideline in about 93.1% and 84.6% of cases in the nonteaching and teaching hospitals, respectively.Conclusion:SUP may be better practiced in teaching hospitals versus nonteaching ones.

This study has been registered in ClinicalTrial.gov with identifier NCT01521845 and under registry name of "Study of the Effect of omega3 on Biomarkers of Cardiac Necrosis (CKMB and Troponin I) and Inflammation Marker (CRP) After Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)" SUMMARYObjective: This study sought to investigate the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on cardiac biomarkers, CK-MB, and troponin I in patients undergoing PCI. Background: Restenosis remains as a major long-term complication following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). It appears that there is strong relationship between post-PCI creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and troponin I elevation and cardiovascular events after PCI. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, a total of 90 patients planned to undergo PCI were randomly assigned into two groups: Group A-receiving omega-3 PUFAs (3 g, 12 h before PCI) plus standard treatment (n = 43) and Group B-control group, receiving only standard therapy (n = 47). Standard treatment included aspirin 325 mg and clopidogrel 600 mg loading dose. The plasma CK-MB level was measured before the procedure (baseline), at 8 and 24 h after PCI. The plasma troponin I was measured at baseline and 24 h after PCI. Results: In comparison with control, omega-3 PUFAs could significantly reduce the level of CK-MB in 8 (P = 0.001) and 24 h (P = 0.012) after its prescription in the omega-3 PUFAs group. Omega-3 PUFAs could not significantly decrease troponin I. Conclusion: Our results revealed that omega-3 PUFAs can be considered as a safe adjunctive medication to the standard regimen before PCI for the aim of decreasing cardiovascular event after PCI.

Objective:In this study, we aimed to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of community pharmacists toward administration of over-the-counter (OTC) antidiarrheal drugs in our city pharmacies, Shiraz, Iran.Methods:In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 90 pharmacies among 128 pharmacies in our city were randomly chosen. The study was designed into two phases: A standard questionnaire to determine the level of knowledge and attitude of pharmacists and a simulated client method to evaluate practice among them. An educational pamphlet was then given to the pharmacists. One month later, knowledge, attitude, and performance of studied pharmacists were evaluated again using the same method.Findings:Our results showed that an average consultation time by female pharmacists was considerably more than male pharmacists (P < 0.001). Before intervention, only 37.8% of pharmacists performed appropriately by prescribing the proper medicine while this increased to 58.44% after intervention. The average score of pharmacists’ knowledge was statistically increased (P < 0.001) and the pharmacists’ performance was significantly improved (P < 0.001) after the educational intervention. In related to the attitude, pharmacists’ tendency toward prescribing oral rehydration salt solutions (ORS) (P < 0.001) and their belief about the great effect of ORS on the treatment of diarrhea increased significantly after the intervention.Conclusion:It is concluded that training programs such as educational pamphlets and continuing educational seminars may play important roles in increasing pharmacists’ knowledge and therefore improving their performance in prescribing OTC medicines.