The form and functions of political discourse have considerably taken a new orientation with the evolving ways of communication. Twitter is a platform that is increasingly preferred by the political elites for the purpose of gaining public acclaim and propagating political ideologies. The political discourse on Twitter requires a critical attention toward linguistic structures and strategies to uncover the relationship between language and social practices. For this purpose, tweets of two eminent Pakistani political figures are chosen for unmasking a variety of discourse strategies at work from the perspective of critical discourse analysis (CDA) through the socio-cognitive model of ideological square. The analysis uncovers the hidden ideological structures and strategies realized through a number of rhetorical moves in the selected tweets. The cognitive binary of positive self-presentation and negative other-presentation help achieving political domination and legitimization of political actions by controlling the public opinion. The underlying motives vary and are context bound such as the aims to topple a government or to restore public faith in the governance. This research is significant for political discourse analysts as well as the general public, as a means for analytical activism propagated by any CDA inquiry, and paves way for further research in the use of social media platforms for political purposes.
Due to the significance of mission and vision statements (MS and VS) in academia across the world, this study aims at analysing generic patterns of MS and VS of universities from four different countries: two belonging to the native users of English language (UK and US) and the other two from non-native contexts (Pakistan and India). The purpose of the study is to investigate the rhetorical patterns in vision and mission statements to uncover structures used to establish universities’ global outreach and competitiveness in research and teaching. The data was collected from university websites and analysed through genre-based approach of Move Analysis introduced by Swales (2004) and applied on promotional genres by Bhatia (2004). The overall rhetorical structures of vision and Mission statements comprised of three moves with each move realized through further steps. The findings revealed that text of MS and VS provides the information about the university with an intended purpose of attracting the students by declaring the values, aims, obligations and strategic plans alongside establishing the aspects of global outreach and status in education and research as well as enriching the society and facilitating the individuals with the provision of best resources.
Power, conforming to particular political groups of the society, is exercised on the masses by making them believe in the legitimacy of that dominance. This association enables the groups to exercise their power and promulgate their ideologies through their discourse as well. One illustration of this discourse appears in the form of political manifestos. Utilizing the tool of language, the political actors (as agents of political parties) set agendas, pertinent topics and position their stance in these manifestos. Framed under critical discourse analysis, the current study attempts to investigate this act of ‘legitimation’ promulgated by Chilton (2004) and the strategies of Authority Legitimation, devised by Van Leeuwen (2008). The article illustrates how the power-holders utilize their linguistic resources to authorize their stance, idea, and action. The study helps explicating the relation between power, ideology and language and promulgates consciousness regarding the reality constructed by humans, as social and political actors.
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