The first aim of the study was to analyze the change in antibody titer at 15-day intervals until 60 days postsymptom onset (PSO). The second aim was to analyze the relationship between antibody titer and symptom grade, gender, age, body mass index (BMI), medications, vitamin supplements, and herbal therapies. Blood samples were collected from 43 patients (5 mild, 21 moderate, 17 severe diseases), 18 women (41.9%), and 25 men (58.1%), on 15, 30, 45, and 60 days PSO after COVID-19 infection. The serum antibody titers were determined by measuring the COVID-19 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Associations between the duration of symptoms, demographic and clinical parameters, medications and vitamins used, and herbal therapies were evaluated by interviewing the participants. Within the first 15 days of illness, 81.4% of the patients were positive. From Day 45 PSO, seropositivity was 89.5%. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers were statistically higher in men than women at all times (p < 0.01). Antibody titer was higher in older participants compared to younger participants (p < 0.02). Plaquenil or favipiravir use did not affect antibody response (p > 0.05). Men had a higher fever (p = 0.006), shortness of breath (p = 0.004), and chest pain (p = 0.03) than women. We found powerful antibody response by 60 days PSO, as well as higher antibody response and severity of symptoms in the men gender. Data also showed that SARS-CoV-2 antibodies are higher in individuals with older age, whereas BMI, concomitant chronic disease, and medications had no effect on antibody titers.
Abstract Aim: The aim of current study was to determine interference by bovine serum albümine (BSA) as blocking agent in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) carried out in individuals with egg allergy. Material and Method: 14 people diagnosed with egg allergy and 7 people without allergy were included. The sample were studied with an indirect ELISA method for egg-white IgG antibody developed in our laboratory. Effect BSA on interference was studied by manipulating antigene coating (none vs. egg white extract), blocking (1% BSA vs. Tween 80), and sample diluent (PBS vs. PBS + 0,5% BSA). Results: In wells that were blocked with 1% BSA without being coated with antigen, positive samples cross-reacted with BSA to give an optical density (OD) of 0.99 ± 0.16, while negative samples gave an OD of 0.08 ± 0.01 (p
BackgroundMitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are key cellular organelles and create contact sites (mitochondria‐endoplasmic reticulum contact [MERC]), which plays a major role in calcium metabolism, apoptotic processes, and inflammation. Previously, proteins that have been associated with these MERC contact sites mitofusin‐1 (MFN1) and mitofusin‐2 (MFN2) have been found to be downregulated in periodontal disease in vitro. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to evaluate MFN1 and MFN2 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with periodontal disease compared with healthy controls clinically.MethodsA total of 48 participants were divided into three groups including periodontally healthy (n = 16), patients with gingivitis (n = 16), and patients with stage 3 grade B periodontitis (n = 16). GCF levels of MFN1, MFN2, calcium (Ca), caspase‐1, and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) were determined via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results were calculated as total amount and concentration.ResultsMFN1 levels (total amount) were significantly higher in patients with periodontitis and gingivitis when compared with healthy controls (p < 0.05). However, concentration levels of MFN1, MFN2, Ca, caspase‐1, TNF‐α significantly decreased in periodontal disease groups compared with healthy controls (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was detected among all evaluated markers (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe MERC protein MFN1 may have a role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease due to its increase in GCF of patients with periodontitis and gingivitis.
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