Objectives: The antioxidative role of Galega officinalis extract has been reported in several studies. However, this experimental study was designed in order to investigate the impacts of G. officinalis extract against parameters, such as histological, hormonal, and oxidative stress parameters, which were induced by ovarian torsion/detorsion. Materials and Methods: Adult female Wistar rats (n = 28) were randomly divided into 4 groups including sham (G1), ovarian torsion for 3 hours then-after detorsion (G2 or TD), ovarian torsion-detorsion orally received 50 mg/kg extract of G. officinalis (G3 or TDGO), healthy rats orally received 50 mg/kg hydroalcoholic extract of G. officinalis (G4 or GO). Ten days after torsion-detorsion, rats were sacrificed and their ovaries, and their blood levels of hormones including estrogen and testosterone, as well as some oxidative stress markers were assayed. Results: The structure of ovaries in TD groups of the study showed a notable change compared to other groups. The serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH), and also estrogen significantly decreased in TD group, while treatment with G. officinalis could prevent from decreasing mentioned parameters. Furthermore, although torsion-detorsion led to increasing the serum level of malondialdehyde (MDA), it was decreased after administration of G. officinalis. Conclusions: Obtained results showed that G. officinalis could be useful in elevating the estrogen level, reducing the oxidative stress marker (i.e. MDA) and ovarian tissue damages induced by torsion-detorsion.
Introduction Of all the female malignancies, most clinical discussions focus on ovarian cancer. It has the highest case fatality ratio and it is the fifth most common cause of malignancyrelated death among women. The cancer is associated with low parity and infertility. Early menarche and late menopause increase the risk of ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancers include epithelial and non-epithelial tumors. More than 80% of epithelial ovarian cancers are seen in postmenopausal women. The peak incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer is between 55 to 60 years of age. Data show that feature of CA125 increases if the test is performed by transvaginal ultrasound. Its symptoms include complex pelvic mass such as solid pattern, heterogeneous component with irregular thick septum, bilateral masses, and size of lesions exceeding 8 cm. The effective factors in the prognosis of ovarian cancer are divided into the 3 categories of pathological, biological and clinical factors. The pathological factors include the structure and degree of lesion. The biological factors include ploidy and proto-oncogenes such as HER-2neu. The clinical factors include the stage of tumor, the extent of residual disease after primary surgery, volume of ascites, age of the patient, and functional status of patient. Ovarian cancer treatment includes primary cytoreductive and then chemotherapy (1). Chemotherapy may be associated with the complications such as nausea and vomiting, bone marrow depression, peripheral neuropathy, weight loss, hemolytic anemia, and transient cortical blindness (2). Ginger is a plant with anti-carcinogenic and antioxidative effects and modern studies have shown other treatment effects such as the ability to inhibit formation of inflammatory products, direct anti-inflammatory effects, and anti-tumoral effects. It has been proved that the active ingredient in ginger can kill cancer cells due to apoptosis and autophagocytosis. This has also been emphasized in ovarian cancers (2). On the other hand, although chemotherapy drugs suppress inflammatory markers, cancer cells may show resistance to them. It has been proved that ginger can
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