Background and Objectives: Multiple sclerosis is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases of the central nervous system, which has a disabling nature. This study aimed at investigating the relationship of body image with emotion regulation, stress, and aggression and to compare them between males and females with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: The current study was correlational with a casual-comparative design. The statistical population of this study included all MS patients referred to the MS society of Zahedan from November 2016 to January 2017. Among these individuals, 60 patients (30 males and 30 females) were selected using a convenience sampling method and were asked to fill out four questionnaires including the Cash, Winstead, and Janda body image questionnaire, Abell index of stress, self-regulation inventory (SRI-25), and buss and perry aggression questionnaire. Results: The obtained data was analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient, stepwise regression analysis, multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA), and t-test. Results of the correlation test indicated that body image was significantly and negatively correlated with stress (r = -0.259, P < 0.05) and aggression (r = -0.258, P < 0.05). However, no significant correlation was found between body image and emotion regulation (r = 0.156, P > 0.05). Results of the regression analysis demonstrated that body image was a predictor of stress and among its 6 subscales, appearance evaluation, body area satisfaction, and fitness orientation were able to determine 0.27 of variances in stress. Moreover, aggression was a predictor of body image, such that among its six subscales, fitness evaluation and body area satisfaction explained a total of 0.23 of variances in aggression. Results of the MANOVA and t-test revealed that considering body image, stress, emotion regulation, and aggression, there were significant differences between males and females with MS (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Given the obtained results, through training skills aimed at improving body image among MS patients, these patients could be aided to decrease their stress in the face of stressful events and, consequently, control their aggressive behaviors.
Objectives: Dialysis is a chronic and agonizing disease, the prevalence rate of which is constantly increasing. In addition to physical damages caused by it, this disease leads to mental disorders and damages in patients. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the role of hope for the future and psychological hardiness in the quality of life among dialysis patients. Methods: This descriptive study is followed by a correlational-predictive design. The current study had a statistical population including all dialysis patients in Zabol. Among these patients, 66 people were selected as a sample using a convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were World Health organization quality of life assessment, Kobasa psychological hardiness questionnaire, and Snyder hope scale. Data were analyzed via SPSS 16 using a Pearson correlation coefficient and a stepwise regression analysis. Results: Correlation results indicated that there were significant and direct correlations among quality of life, hope for the future, and psychological hardiness (P < 0.05). Results of the stepwise regression analysis showed that psychological hardiness played a role in predicting these patients' quality of life. Among its three subscales, the subscales of challenge and control were able to explain 16% of variances in quality of life. Moreover, hope for the future had a role in predicting these patients' quality of life and among its two subscales, the subscale of agency alone was able to determine 8% of variances in quality of life. Conclusions: Given the results obtained from the present study, it can be concluded that to move towards a better future, dialysis patients' quality of life can be promoted by increasing these patients' suffering-tolerance threshold, hardiness, and hope.
Objectives: Cancer is the major leading cause of death in children. Diagnosis of cancer can create numerous psychological traumas for children and decrease their quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of emotion regulation training with a positive thinking approach in quality of life and its dimensions among children with cancer. Methods: This quasi-experimental study is followed by a pretest, posttest, and follow-up design with a control group. Statistical population of the current study constituted of 40 children with cancer who were hospitalized in Imam Ali hospital in Zahedan from January to April 2017. Among these people, 30 individuals (15 individuals assigned to a control group and 15 individuals assigned to an experimental group) were selected using a convenience sampling method. The experimental group took part in 8 60-minute sessions of emotion regulation training with a positive thinking approach. After completing the sessions, a posttest and a 1-month follow-up were carried out. To collect data, pediatric quality of life questionnaire (PedsQL) was used. Results:Results of an analysis of covariance demonstrated that emotion regulation training, with a positive thinking approach was effective in promoting all dimensions of quality of life among children with cancer (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Given the effectiveness of emotion regulation training with a positive thinking approach in improving the dimensions of quality of life, authorities are recommended to apply this training to improve the quality of life of children with cancer.
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