4 stroke motorcycle engine performance can be improved. The process to improve performance is to extend the piston step and increase the volume of air and fuel into the combustion chamber. The process is done by performing overstroke which increase the volume step by increasing the length of the pistons so that the compression ratio increases, and Porting is reshaping hole cylinder head intake and exhaust. Porting can increase the volume of air and fuel increases, the easier combustion occurs.The aim of research to improve engine performance power and torque views of data obtained from testing the machine dynotest. In this research, by testing directly on the machine dynotest, with two conditions, namely conditions with the engine crankshaft and cylinder head standard standard; Condition of the engine with a crankshaft and cylinder modifications.Results of testing with engine modifications dynotest shows motor power is larger than a standard motor power, average power motor modifications, up 47% compared with an average power of standard motors. Modified motor torque larger than a standard motor torque. The average torque motor modifications rose 49.97% compared with the average torque of standard motors.
Railway axle and railway bearing are critical railway components. It is needed a method to analyse them. In this work, static and dynamic analysis are presented. Static analysis is presented by analyzing the design of railway axle through finite element analysis (FEA). Dynamic analysis is presented by analysing the outer race fault of the railway axle bearing based on vibration analyses. Initially, a laboratory-scale of wheel-set test-rig was designed using 3D computer design, then, the design was analysed the shear stress and deformation by FEA. Based on this design, the laboratory wheel-set test-rig was manufactured for conducting dynamic experimental tests. The vibration responses obtained in the tests were then analysed using fast Fourier transform (FFT) and Hilbert-Huang transforms (HHT). The results show that the stress and the deformation are small enough. Therefore, the design can be applied. In the vibration analysis, EMD process provided good results for analysing signals.
The value of k (rate constant) is one of the important parameters in the equation speed of reaction (kinetics of reactions). This paper discusses the value of k (rate constan) at each heating rate (673 K / h and 873 K / h). Where k is theLaju pemanasan (heating rate) pada proses pirolisis mempengaruhi produk hasil pirolisis. Pada laju pemanasan (heating rate) rendah atau lambat maka produk yang dihasilkan akan cenderung lebih ke arang aktif / char. Sedangkan jika laju pemanasan (heating rate) tinggi atau cepat maka produk yang dihasilkan berupa minyak pirolisis / tar [7].Dari beberapa penelitian yang berorientasi pada temperatur dan laju kenaikan temperatur antara lain: Dengan variasi temperatur sangat berpengaruh terhadap hasil pirolisis dan parameter kinetik [6]. Laju pemanasan akan mempengaruhi komposisi dan peningkatan kuantitas rantai hidrokarbon [1].Variasi temperatur dan heating rate berpengaruh terhadap nilai Ea (Energi aktivasi) dan A (pre-exponensial factor) pada kayu Balau, Durian, Kapur dan Meranti [3]. Dengan variasi temperatur dan heating rate sangat berpengaruh terhadap nilai Ea dan A pada kayu poplar baik dengan model Kissinger, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), dan Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) [4] Selain itu laju kenaikan pemanasan pada proses pirolisis mempengaruhi produk hasil pirolisis, jika laju pemanasan (heating rate) rendah atau lambat maka produk yang dihasilkan akan cenderung lebih ke arang
Article InfoOn a single-cylinder diesel engine, injection pressure can be adjusted by changing the thickness of the injector shim. In this study, the injection pressure of 180 bar (standard), 190 bar (+1mm shim), and 210 bar (+2mm shim) was examined on a typical single-cylinder diesel engine with pure diesel fuel. The tests carried out at a constant engine speed of 1500 rpm with load variations of 650, 1300, 1950, and 3600 Watts to investigate the effect of injection pressure on output power, brake thermal efficiency (BTE), specific fuel consumption (SFC) and opacity. The results showed that increasing injection pressure could increase the output power by 19.3% and 17.4% by adding 1 mm and 2 mm shims, respectively. SFC decreased 1.97% and 12.3% compared to standard conditions and opacity with 2 mm shim was lower than 1 mm shim. In conclusion, increasing the injection pressure from 180 to 210 bar by adding 2 mm shim can improve the performance of a single cylinder diesel engine, which includes output power, brake thermal efficiency (BTE), specific fuel consumption (SFC) and opacity. AbstrakPada mesin diesel satu silinder, tekanan injeksi dapat diatur dengan mengubah ketebalan shim injektor. Dalam penelitian ini, tekanan injeksi 180 bar (standar), 190 bar (+1mm shim), dan 210 bar (+2mm shim) diperiksa pada mesin diesel satu silinder dengan bahan bakar diesel murni. Pengujian dilakukan pada putaran mesin konstan 1500 rpm dengan variasi beban 650, 1300, 1950, dan 3600 watt untuk menyelidiki pengaruh tekanan injeksi terhadap daya output, efisiensi termal rem (BTE), konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik (SFC) dan opasitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan tekanan injeksi dapat meningkatkan daya output sebesar 19,3% dan 17,4% dengan menambahkanmasing-masing shim 1 mm dan 2 mm. SFC menurun 1,97% dan 12,3% dibandingkan dengan kondisi standar dan opasitas dengan shim 2 mm lebih rendah dari shim 1 mm. Kesimpulannya, meningkatkan tekanan injeksi dari 180 ke 210 bar dengan menambahkan shim 2 mm dapat meningkatkan kinerja mesin diesel satu silinder, yang meliputi daya output, efisiensi termal rem (BTE), konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik (SFC) dan opasitas. Kata-kata kunci: Mesin diesel, Tekanan injeksi, Daya output, BTE, SFC, Opasitas
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