Trickle bed chemical reactors and equipment used to cool horticultural produce usually involve three phase porous media. The fluid dynamics and heat transfer processes that occur in such equipment are generally quantified by means of empirical relationships between dimensionless groups. The research reported in this paper is motivated by the possibility of using detailed numerical simulations of the phenomena that occur in beds of irrigated porous media to obviate the need for empirical correlations. Numerical predictions are obtained using a CFD code (FLUENT) for 2-D configurations of three cylinders. Local and mean heat transfer coefficients around these non-contacting horizontal cylinders are calculated numerically. The present results compare well with those available in the literature. The numerical results provide an insight into the cooling mechanisms within beds of unsaturated porous media.
Liquid sloshing inside a partially filled rectangular tank has been investigated. The fluid is assumed to be water and the tank is forced to move along x axis to simulate the actual tank excitation. The volume of fluid technique is used to track the free surface and the model solves Navier_Stokes equations by the use of the finite difference estimation. At each time step, a donar-acceptor method is used to transport the volume of fluid function and locations of the free surface. In this paper the location and transport of the free surface in the tank have been investigated using a CFD code (FLUENT) for 3D configuration. The use of a numerical tool has resulted in a detailed investigation of these characteristics, which have not been available in the literature previously.
Equipment used to cool horticultural produce often involves three-phase porous media. The flow field and heat transfer processes that occur in such equipment are generally quantified by means of empirical relationships amongst dimensionless groups. This work represents a first step towards the goal of harnessing the power of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to better understand the heat transfer process that occur in beds of irrigated horticultural produce. The primary objective of the present study is to use numerical predictions towards reducing energy and cooling water requirement in cooling horticultural produce. In this paper, flow and heat transfer predictions are presented of a single slot liquid jet on flat and curved surfaces using a CFD code (FLUENT) for 2-D configurations. The effects of Reynolds number, nozzle to plate spacing, nozzle width and target surface configuration have been studied. Reynolds numbers of 250, 500, 700, 1800 and 1900 are studied where the liquid medium is water. Here, the Reynolds number is defined in terms of the hydraulic nozzle diameter, inlet jet velocity and fluid kinematic viscosity. The results show that Reynolds numbers, nozzle to plate spacing and nozzle width have a significant effect on the flow filed and heat transfer characteristics; whereas the target surface configuration at stagnation area has no substantial impact. The use of a numerical tool has enabled detailed investigation of these characteristics, which have not been available in the literature previously.
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