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Ionic conductors are normally prepared from water-based materials in the solid form and feature a combination of intrinsic transparency and stretchability. The sensitivity toward humidity inevitably leads to dehydration or deliquescence issues, which will limit the long-term use of ionic conductors. Here, a novel ionic conductor based on natural bacterial cellulose (BC) and polymerizable deep eutectic solvents (PDESs) is developed for addressing the abovementioned drawbacks. The superstrong three-dimensional nanofiber network and strong interfacial interaction endow the BC−PDES ionic conductor with significantly enhanced mechanical properties (tensile strength of 8 × 10 5 Pa and compressive strength of 6.68 × 10 6 Pa). Furthermore, compared to deliquescent PDESs, BC−PDES composites showed obvious mechanical stability, which maintain good mechanical properties even when exposed to high humidity for 120 days. These materials were demonstrated to possess multiple sensitivity to external stimulus, such as strain, pressure, bend, and temperature. Thus, they can easily serve as supersensitive sensors to recognize physical activity of humans such as limb movements, throat vibrations, and handwriting. Moreover, the BC−PDES ionic conductors can be used in flexible, patterned electroluminescent devices. This work provides an efficient strategy for making cellulose-based sustainable and functional ionic conductors which have broad application in artificial flexible electronics and other products.

Lignosulfonate, a waste by-product from the paper industry, was simply assembled with HfCl4 to construct sustainable catalysts (Hf–LigS) for highly efficient reductive upgrading of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

Carboxymethyl cellulose-derived Co nanocatalysts sheathed in N-doped graphene exhibited an excellent catalytic activity for base-free transfer hydrodeoxygenation of vanillin with formic acid.

Using the disulfide bond and carboxyl group in the molecular structure, α-lipoic acid was easily dissolved in the NaOH/urea solution and could be used as a ternary solvent for dissolving cellulose. Through this platform, N, S dual-doped hierarchical porous carbon aerogels (NSHPAs) were successfully obtained via directly dissolving cellulose in this ternary solvent, followed by gelling and carbonization. Because the fabricated carbon materials had a proper structure and a uniform heteroatom doping, their capacitance could reach 329 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 , 1647.5 mF cm −2 at 2.5 mA cm −2 , and the fine rate property was 215 F g −1 at 10 A g −1 and 1075 mF cm −2 at 50 mA cm −2 , respectively. Additionally, the electric double-layer contribution and pseudocapacitance contribution from the N,S dual doping were also analyzed. Meanwhile, they showed outstanding capacitance retention in a 2 M H 2 SO 4 electrolyte. Additionally, a symmetric supercapacitor (SSC) was assembled by NSHPAs, and yielded a high specific capacitance of 63.6 F g −1 at 1 A g −1 . At a power density of 130 W kg −1 , the SSC showed a high energy density of 10.3 W h kg −1 and a long cycle life with 10% capacitance decay over 5000 cycles at 1 A g −1 . These electrochemical performances suggest that this adopted synthesis route may open a novel avenue for the fabrication of heteroatom-doped carbon electrode materials, especially based on renewable and low-cost cellulose.

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