This study provides large-scale, population-based evidence that diabetes with retinopathy is independently associated with an increased risk of subsequent AMD development.
Herein, the authors report an unusual case of euthyroid optic neuropathy without previous history of endocrinopathy. Visual loss and limitation of extraocular movements developed rapidly in both eyes. An orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed bilateral apical crowding and extraocular muscle hypertrophy with tendon sparing. The restricted visual fields dramatically improved after intravenous pulse corticosteroid therapy. Early diagnosis of euthyroid optic neuropathy and prompt treatment with pulse therapy may result in a favourable visual outcome.
Idiopathic sclerosing orbital inflammation (ISOI) is a distinct entity among other orbital diseases. It is characterized by marked fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration that can damage orbital structures. Clinical manifestations were variable, including ocular and periocular redness, proptosis, and pain. Ocular motor restrictions and optic nerve dysfunction might occur in severe cases. We herein report a patient of ISOI who presented with total ophthalmoplegia and acute vision loss. His symptoms were relieved mainly as his vision improved to 20/25 after receiving corticosteroid and immunosuppressant therapies. Therefore, ISOI should be one of the deferential diagnoses when we encounter cases with acute orbital apex syndrome. With prompt evaluation and in-time treatment, a favorable outcome is possible.
A 66-year-old Taiwanese aboriginal male had complained of right-side blurred vision for 2 months, especially when reading. He had a 10-year history of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. His best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in each eye. Ophthalmoscopy revealed asymmetrical cupping, but a normal disc. Humphrey perimetry showed an upper homonymous paracentral quadrantanopic defect. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed an infarction in the left lower calcarine area over the extrastriate (V2/V3) cortical area and a narrowing of the left middle and posterior cerebral arteries due to severe arteriosclerosis.
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