Dielectric relaxation and magnetic behavior of bismuth-substituted yttrium iron garnetA new magnetic amorphous alloy system: (Fe,Co)bismuth Magnetic Fe-Bi multilayers have been, for the first time, synthesized by using electron-beam evaporation at 140 K. The relationships between film structure and magnetic properties were investigated by means of measurements of magnetization, x-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, and Mossbauer spectra. Films are ferromagnetic or paramagnetism, depending on Fe layer thickness, t Fe • Films with tFe of about 1 nm exhibit perpendicular magnetic anisotropy while these with the thicker tFe have in-plane magnetism. Temperature dependence of magnetization in the Fe·Bi multilayers was also studied in the temperature range of 77-600 K.
Disperse reactive dyes with appropriate chemical structure are key for the coloration of natural fibers in the water‐free environmentally friendly medium of supercritical carbon dioxide with various advantages. The objective of this work is to design and synthesize a novel anthraquinonoid disperse reactive dye involving a versatile bridge group to improve the coloration properties of the dye in supercritical carbon dioxide. Cross‐coupling condensation based on an Ullmann reaction between N‐phenylethylenediamine and 1‐chloroanthraquinone in a ligand‐free system is investigated by optimizing the synthesis parameters. Notable influences are observed from the dosages of N,N‐dimethyl formamide and potassium hydroxide, as well as the system temperature and reaction duration, on the isolated yield of the dye precursor. An optimized process is also recommended for synthesizing the designed novel dye. Then, the chemical structure, color characteristics, and coloration properties of the obtained dye are further investigated and successfully characterized by utilizing Fourier‐transform infrared analysis, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Additionally, practical coloration experiments are performed with cotton, silk, and wool in a supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
Abstract. This short note is a continuous work of our previous paper [SW], where we were mainly concerned with the BMO theory of the universal Teichmüller space. We will endow the BMO-Teichmüller curve T b , the VMO-Teichmüller curve T v and the BMO-Teichmüller space T b with BMO manifold structures and prove that all these three spaces T b , T v and T b are contractible. We will also introduce a (new) extended BMO-Teichmüller spaceT b and endow it with BMO manifold structures.
Pure bulk AlN substrates were prepared by hot-pressing to eliminate the influence of an aid-sintering substance on the interface reactions. AlN thin films were deposited on Si(111) substrates to decrease the influence of charging on the analysis of metal͞AlN interfaces with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Thin films of titanium were deposited on bulk AlN substrates by e-gun evaporation and ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) and deposited on AlN films in situ by e-gun evaporation. Solid-state reaction products and reaction mechanism of the Ti͞AlN system annealed at various temperatures and under IBAD were investigated by XPS, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). Ti reacted with AlN to form a laminated structure in the temperature range of 600 ± C to 800 ± C. The TiAl 3 phase was formed adjacent to the AlN substrate, TiN, and Ti 4 N 32x as well as Ti 2 N were formed above the TiAl 3 layer at the interface. Argon ion bombardment during Ti evaporation promoted the interface reactions. No reaction products were detected for the sample as-deposited by evaporation. However, XPS depth profile of the Ti͞AlN͞Si sample showed that Ti-N binding existed at the interface between the AlN thin films and the Ti thin films.
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