In emergency situations, clinical trials of new vaccines and therapies in resource-constrained settings place an additional burden on the limited resources of low and middle-income countries. The clinical trials of vaccines against Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in Africa presented challenges on how to ensure there was enough capacity for ethics and regulatory reviews and oversight while still allowing for accelerating the clinical evaluations. Using the African Vaccine Regulatory Forum (AVAREF) platform WHO supported African countries to provide ethics and regulatory reviews and oversight, ensuring that these trials were completed in unprecedented shorter timelines than normal, that is, months instead of years. Pathways were defined, external expertise provided and appropriate review models implemented in the countries which hosted these critical studies. This paper discusses the work around the clinical trials, the models of reviews and timelines for clinical trials and highlights the important lessons revealed. More investments are required to monitor safety during clinical trials, strengthen systems for licensure of new products and implement robust post-marketing surveillance, among other components for effective clinical trials before the next pandemic surfaces.
This narrative traces the experiences of mothering a Black child coming to consciousness about the role and place of Blackness in the United States. Working from a pedagogy of pain and love, Pillow seeks out an endarkened, embodied praxis of mothering that allows Black youth places of "disidentifications" to imagine other spaces and futurities. Utilizing Sara Ahmed's discussion of "strange encounters," Pillow reviews how Blackness is intimately linked to stranger danger and stranger fetishization in the United States, the depths of which played out in Trayvon Martin's death. She suggests that José Estaban Muñoz's theory of "disidentification" offers a critique of hetero-patriarchy lacking in current research on Black youth racial identity and that such a critique is necessary not only to build new forms of resilience for Black youth but also to develop structural critiques of racialized systems, discourses, knowledge, and practices.
Для реализации задач по сохранению репродуктивного потенциала молодежи необходимо системное медико-санитарное просвещение, в том числе по профилактике ВИЧинфекции. Используя мониторинг уровня информированности самой молодежи о путях передачи, риске собственного заражения, а также источников получения знаний по проблеме ВИЧ/СПИДа, можно планировать приоритетные направления просветительской работы. Ключевые слова: ВИЧ-инфекция, информированность, молодежь, репродуктивный потенциал, профилактика, медико-санитарное просвещение Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки. Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.
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