The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the career plans of high school graduates in 2020 is examined in article. At the stage of graduating from high school and admission to university, career self-determination is considered in the context of professional self-determination, an indicator of the development of which is a conscious choice of a professional future. As a result of a survey and diagnostic of 127 first-year students of Smolensk State University, it was found that students who entered the university with formed professional plans have a higher level of development of personal competencies that are significant for career self-determination. Most of them implemented their university admission plans despite the limitations associated with the COVID-19 pandemics. At the same time, students who did not have formed career ideas at the time of admission experienced more difficulties in entering; their choice of the training program was due to external factors.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 Unported License, permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Higher education institutions can assist students in supporting professional self-determination through various forms and areas of activity: interaction with employers, organization of additional education, use of career guidance technologies. A study was conducted to identify the relationship between the work of universities to promote professional self-determination, the features of professional strategies and the level of employment of graduates. The following research methods were used: a survey of 150 4th and 5th-year undergraduate students from five Smolensk universities, analysis of the activities of universities in the studied area and analysis of employment data. The study showed that the number of students with targeted strategies significantly prevails in specialized universities (medicine – 100%, energy – 80%, physical education and sports – 73%) compared to classical University (63%). There is also a positive relationship between the participation of respondents in various events held by the University and the indicators of employment monitoring, as well as the percentage of graduates with active professional strategies. The results of the study showed that the effectiveness of the University's activities depends on the specifics of the provided education and the demand for the offered specialties in the labor market, the subjective attitudes of students to receive education, as well as the degree of actual implementation by universities of measures aimed at improving the competitiveness of students.
In a dynamic labor market there are higher requirements to young specialists on planning and managing their careers, therefore, the relevance of the study the professional strategy as process characteristics increases, which determines the purpose and means of its achievements in the professional field. Currently, the subject field of study of professional strategies is formed at the intersection of various Social Sciences, accumulating the results of foreign and domestic studies devoted to the study of the substantive and instrumental aspects of strategies. The study is aimed at analyzing the characteristics of professional strategies of Higher and Vocational Educational graduate students. The information was collected using the author's questionnaire and psychodiagnostic techniques ("Noetic orientations test (SZhO)" and "Social and Psychological Adaptation (SPA)") to identify the various components of professional strategies and the factors determining the preference of active and passive types of strategies. The participants of the survey were the graduate students from higher (undergraduate level) and vocational educational organizations of Smolensk and Ussuriysk, enrolled in various fields of study (n = 350). According to the analysis of these groups, it was found that professional strategies of students, regardless of the type of education received, are characterized by low awareness and contradiction: a combination of active and passive strategies. The analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between the level of adaptation of students and the type of preferred strategy, during which it was found that students with a high level of social and psychological adaptation are much more likely to have active strategies. It was also determined that the preference for active or passive professional strategies is more influenced by the psychological characteristics of the subjects than gender, material situation, direction of training.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 Unported License, permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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