Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti perspektif ibu bapa terhadap kepentingan pendidikan seksual dan kecenderungan ibu bapa kepada idea mendedahkan anak-anak kepada pendidikan awal seksual. Instrumen kajian adalah borang soal selidik berbentuk terbuka yang telah diedarkan secara atas talian kepada 12 orang dewasa yang mempunyai anak dalam lingkungan umur 4 hingga 7 tahun bagi mendapatkan pandangan mereka terhadap pendidikan awal seksual. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa kesemua ibu bapa sedar tentang kepentingan pendidikan awal seksual dan bersedia mendidik anak mereka dengan pendidikan awal seksual di rumah. Selain itu, antara faktor yang menyebabkan ibu bapa tidak selesa dalam mendidik anak mereka dengan pendidikan seksual adalah kurang keyakinan tentang kandungan ilmu pendidikan awal seksual. Kesimpulannya, perspektif ibu bapa terhadap pendidikan awal seksual kepada kanak-kanak adalah positif.
Articles you may be interested inThird-order explicit two-step Runge-Kutta-Nyström method for solving second-order ordinary differential equations AIP Conf.A new fourth-order explicit Runge-Kutta method for solving first order ordinary differential equations AIP Conf.A three-stage explicit two-step Runge-Kutta-Nyström method for solving second-order ordinary differential equations AIP Conf.Abstract. In this paper, a fourth-order explicit hybrid method with constant step-size is developed. The free parameters are chosen so that the error constant is small. Numerical comparisons are carried out to show the advantage of the new method for solving special second order ordinary differential equations.
An exponentially fitted explicit hybrid method for solving oscillatory problems is obtained. This method has four stages. The first three stages of the method integrate exactly differential systems whose solutions can be expressed as linear combinations of {1, x, exp μx , exp −μx }, μ ∈ C, while the last stage of this method integrates exactly systems whose solutions are linear combinations of {1, x, x 2 , x 3 , x 4 , exp μx , exp −μx }. This method is implemented in variable step-size code basing on an embedding approach. The stability analysis is given. Numerical experiments that have been carried out show the efficiency of our method.
For the numerical integration of differential equations with oscillatory solutions an exponentially fitted explicit sixth-order hybrid method with four stages is presented. This method is implemented using variable step-size while its derivation is accomplished by imposing each stage of the formula to integrate exactly { 1 , t , t 2 , … , t k , exp ( ± μ t ) } where the frequency μ is imaginary. The local error that is employed in the step-size selection procedure is approximated using an exponentially fitted explicit fourth-order hybrid method. Numerical comparisons of the new and existing hybrid methods for the spring-mass and other oscillatory problems are tabulated and discussed. The results show that the variable step exponentially fitted explicit sixth-order hybrid method outperforms the existing hybrid methods with variable coefficients for solving several problems with oscillatory solutions.
The aim of the research is to improve the existing Hybrid method, so that it is more efficient in solving special second order ordinary differential equations of the form y" = f(x, y),y(x0) = y0,y′(x0) = y′0 which has solutions which are periodic or oscillating. Based on the existing Hybrid method derived by Chawla we constructed the exponentially fitted hybrid method using the technique introduced by Simos and Vigo-Aguiar, resulting in an exponentially fitted hybrid method. The method can be used to solve special second order ordinary differential equations which have oscillating solutions. Numerical experiments based on the exponentially fitted hybrid method and the non exponentially fitted method are tabulated and compared in terms of accuracy, which clearly shown that the exponentially fitted method is more accurate.
This research aimed to determine the level of social media use among pre-university students and the association between social media use with self-esteem and psychological distress. Participants of this study were 173 students from ASASIpintar pre-university program in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Instruments used were three sets of questionnaires obtained from Gupta and Bashir (2018), Lovibond and Lovibond (1995), and Rosenberg (1965). This study showed that the level of social media use among ASASIpintar students was moderate while social media use was positively associated with self-esteem and psychological distress.
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