High acidity level and low nutrient availability are the most challenging factors of shallot production in peat soils. The purpose of this study was to find out the best lime material and the level of NPK fertilizer on shallot production in peat soil in Central Borneo, Indonesia. The experiment used was a Split Plot Design with three replications. The main plot was three types of lime material: 3 t ha−1 dolomite, 3 t ha−1 agriculture limestone and 1.5 t ha−1 calcium hydroxide. The subplots were ten combinations of NPK fertilizers. The results showed that lime materials and doses of NPK fertilizer had a significant effect on shallot growth and yield. Hydrated lime doses 1.5 t ha−1 and NPK fertilizer dose 100 kg N ha−1, 100 kg P2O5 ha−1 and 100 kg K2O ha−1 gave the highest bulb yield (7 t ha−1) compared to other trials. However, this bulb yield was lower compared to different adaptive cultivars from previous studies. Further experiments using higher levels of lime and adapted varieties are necessary to get the optimum bulb yield.
The correlation test between P uptake by plant and determination method of available P is the initial stage in the establishment of fertilizer recommendations. This study aimed to examine various extraction methods of available P in the soil and determine the appropriate P extraction method for dry acid soil (Inceptisol) used to cultivate chili crop. The study was conducted at the screen house of Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute, West Java, Indonesia from January to December 2015. A randomized block design with five treatments and five replications was set up for this experiment. The treatment of status of soil P was obtained by administering SP-36 at various doses, namely: 0X, ¼X, ½X, ¾X, and 1X, where X = 250 kg SP-36 ha -1 . To obtain the desired P nutrient status, the Inceptisol soil that has been added with SP-36 fertilizer with different doses was incubated for four months. The chili seedlings were then planted on each of those soils, and the analysis of P absorption was carried out at the age of 60 days after planting. There were six extraction methods used to analyze available P in the soil, i.e. HCl 25%, Bray I, Bray II, Mechlich, Truog, and Morgan Vanema. The results showed the different response of crop on P uptake to the level of soil P nutrient status. Plant P uptake increased with the increase in soil P nutrient status. The best P extraction methods for Inceptisols for chili cultivation were HCl 25% and Mechlich with correlation coefficient values reached 0.7802 and 0.7351, respectively.
Naskah diterima tanggal 23 September 2015 dan disetujui untuk diterbitkan tanggal 23 Maret 2016 ABSTRAK. Hama Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) merupakan hama penting pada tanaman bawang di Indonesia. Pengendalian hama ini dengan insektisida kimia sintetik tidak memuaskan, bahkan telah menyebabkan hama menjadi resisten. SeNPV bila diaplikasikan secara tunggal untuk pengendalian hama S. exigua hasilnya masih kurang memuaskan. Namun, diharapkan SeNPV bila dicampurkan dengan insektisida botani dapat memberikan hasil yang lebih baik untuk mengendalikan hama S. exigua. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui potensi campuran SeNPV dengan insektisida botani terhadap mortalitas larva S. exigua instar 3 di laboratorium. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Entomologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang (± 1.250 m dpl.), mulai bulan Juli sampai Oktober 2014. Larva S. exigua dikumpulkan dari pertanaman petani bawang merah di daerah Cirebon, Jawa Barat dan diperbanyak di Rumah Kasa Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua tahap kegiatan, yaitu (1) uji pendahuluan dosis SeNPV dan empat jenis ekstrak tumbuhan, yaitu legundi (Vitex trifolia Linn.), serai wangi (Cymbopogon nardus), daun jeruk purut (Citrus hystrix DC), ubi gadung (Dioscorea hispida) dan (2) uji campuran beberapa dosis SeNPV dengan dosis sublethal dari ekstrak daun legundi (Vitex trifolia Linn.). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan ialah rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri atas enam perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Mortalitas larva S. exigua diamati mulai 24 jam sampai dengan 168 jam setelah perlakuan. Data mortalitas larva diolah menggunakan analisis probit untuk menetapkan nilai LC50. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai LC50 SeNPV sebesar 424,67 ppm dan dari empat ekstrak insektisida botani yang terendah diperoleh dari insektisida daun legundi, yaitu 2.199, 277 ppm. Berdasarkan nilai LC50 campuran SeNPV dengan insektisida botani daun legundi menunjukkan efektivitas sinergistik dan meningkatkan efikasi 12,24 kali lipat jika dibandingkan dengan SeNPV secara tunggal. Kombinasi SeNPV dengan ekstrak daun legundi konsentrasi sublethal dapat meningkatkan efikasi virus SeNPV dalam mengendalikan S. exigua. ABSTRACT. The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a serious pest of shallot in Indonesia. Chemical methods have failed to control this pest as this has developed resistance to almost all synthetic insecticides available. SeNPV effectiveness when applied singly for S. exigua result is still unsatisfactory, but it is expected when SeNPV mixed with botanical insecticides give satisfactory result to control S. exigua. The aim of the study was to determine the potential of SeNPV with botanical insecticides to control third instars of S. exigua larvae under laboratory condition. This study has been conducted at Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute Lembang (±1,250 m asl), from July to October 2014. Sample of S. exigua larvae were collected from farmers' field in Cirebon, West Java and mass production d...
The addition of nutrients for garlic plants consists of two type, namely the application of anorganic fertilizers in the form of single fertilizers N, P, K and organic fertilizers such as manure. The purpose of this study was to obtain the right dose of single fertilizer N, P, K and chicken manure. The experiment was arranged using a Randomized Block Design with 4 replications. The treatments consisted of 9 treatment combinations consisting of A = 100% single fertilizer + 15 tons of manure, B = 100% single fertilizer + 10 tons of manure, C = 100% single fertilizer + 5 tons of manure, D = 75% single fertilizer + 15 tons of manure, E = 75% single fertilizer + 10 tons of manure, F = 75% single fertilizer + 5 tons of manure, G = 50% single fertilizer + 15 tons of manure, H = 50% single fertilizer + 10 tons of manure, I = 50% single fertilizer + 5 tons of manure. The dose of 100% single fertilizer was SP36 375 kg.ha-1, ZA 1.144 kg.ha-1and KCl 200 kg.ha-1. The type of manure used is chicken manure. The results showed that doses of 75% and 100% of single fertilizer combined with 15 ton.ha-1 resulted in the wet and dry weight of the stover, the diameter and weight of the tubers, which were the same, respectively, the dry weight of the stover 32,57 grams and 39,40 grams, the dry weight of the stover. 17,43 grams and 17,63 grams, tuber diameter 33,09 and 33,13, tuber weight 14,07 grams and 14,30 grams. These results tend to be higher than other treatments. 75% single fertilizer and 15 ton.ha-1 chicken manure can be recommended for fertilization in garlic production.
The current research aimed to gather information of pests’ population in cabbage crops that were cultivated using the organic and conventional farming system in three consecutive months. Cabbages were planted every month for 3 consecutive months from March to May 2020 in the Margahayu Research Station, Lembang, West Java and the pests’ population was observed throughout the time of plant growth. Data shows the fluctuation of cabbage pests’ population including Plutella sp., Spodoptera sp, and Myzus sp. during those three planting seasons. The findings are particularly important in deciding effective control techniques to use and determining the right time to apply those control techniques.
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