Background: The study on the control and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, as a growing metabolic disease in the world, is important. Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species in uncontrolled diabetes can play a role in the consequences of diabetes such as neuropathy and nephropathy. The presence of minerals as bioactive compounds in the diet and their role in antioxidant enzymes can play a role in reducing the oxidative effects of diabetes. Electron beam therapy as an adjunct method can be effective in reducing free radicals and oxidative stress. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of electron beam therapy on glucose, oxidative markers and some minerals, as bioactive compound, in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: The study was performed on 30 volunteers with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 30 healthy volunteers as a control group. Serum samples from diabetic and control groups were assayed for glucose, hydrogen peroxide, reactive oxygen species and minerals such as iron, zinc, copper, magnesium and selenium binding protein before and after electron beam irradiation. ATP levels and NAD/NADH ratio were also evaluated. The mentioned parameters were measured by ELISA and calorimetric methods according to the relevant kit protocol. Electron beam therapy was performed using a linear accelerator. The used amount of energy was 9 MeV. The depth of treatment was 1.5 cm.Results: The results of electron beam therapy showed that the concentrations of glucose, reactive oxygen species, hydrogen peroxide, copper and iron were significantly (P value < 0.05) reduced in diabetics. Zinc levels in this group increased significantly (P value < 0.05). In control group, ATP levels were significantly (P value < 0.05) increased by electron beam therapy.Conclusion: According to the obtained results, electron beam therapy can be effective in reduction of oxidation indexes and thus reducing oxidative stress. Electron beam therapy can be effective in reducing the consequences of diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Electron beam therapy, Oxidative stress, Mineral, Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Background: Unmanaged diabetes mellitus, as a chronic metabolic disease, has dangerous consequences. The consequences of diabetes can be delayed and controlled by using antioxidants and anti-inflammatory substances in the food compounds. Objective: One of the main objectives of this study was to evaluate thymol administration and low-level laser therapy on the change of inflammatory and, oxidative indicators, and lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes. Another aim was to study the effect of thymol oil extract on dermatitis.Methods: Thirty volunteers with type 2 diabetes and thirty healthy volunteers as controls were selected. Blood samples were taken from all subjects before the study. The diabetic group was divided into four groups: untreated, treated with low-level laser, treated with thymol (25 mg/kg/30 days) and treated with thymol and laser. Glucose, advanced glycation end products, malondialdehyde, oxidized low level laser, reactive oxygen species, peroxide hydrogen, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-1 alpha were measured and compared between diabetic and control groups and within diabetic groups. Thymol gel oil extract (0.5%) was studied in reduction of dermatitis in the feet of the diabetic group.Results: Thymol administration, along with low-level laser therapy, reduced levels of cytokines except for interleukin-1 alpha, total cholesterol, triglycerides, advanced glycation end products, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, and oxidized low density level lipoprotein (P value < 0.05). The effect of 0.5% thymol oil as a gel on the reduction of dermatitis was not significant.Conclusion: Thymol administration and thymol gel as well as low-level laser therapy, as adjunctive methods, through the reduction of free radicals and oxidative stress can be useful in controlling and reducing the diabetes complications. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Thymol, Topical gel, Low-level laser therapy, Dermatitis
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