This study showed that the DASH diet is associated with lower headache severity and duration in migraine patients.

Background: Migraine is a neurologic disorder. Although, based on previous evidence, migraine is related with inflammation and oxidative stress, its relationship with the inflammatory potential of the diet is still unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to show the correlation between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and severity and duration of migraine headache. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 266 women who suffered from migraine, were included. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected form all participants. 147-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was collected to assess dietary intake and consequently, DII scores were calculated. Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and a 30-day headache diary were also completed by each participant. Results: The DII score ranged between -4.22 and 5.19 and its median [interquartile range (IQR)] was 0.003  (-1.48-1.55). There was no meaningful association between age, occupation, physical activity (PA), weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and DII score classifications (P > 0.050). Subjects with more than 20 days of headache had higher DII score compared to those with less than 10 days per month [odds ratio (OR) = 1.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.12-2.08, P = 0.001]. There was no association between DII and migraine severity (VAS and MIDAS) in the crude and adjusted model of logistic regression. Although there was a significant association between headache duration and DII  (P = 0.020), this relationship was not meaningful after adjusting for age, PA, BMI, and job status (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.28-1.00, P = 0.052). Conclusion: The present study showed a direct association between headache frequency and DII. Nevertheless, any relationship was not found between headache duration or migraine severity and DII score. Future large and prospective studies are needed to explore the effect of inflammatory potential of diet in migraine characteristics.

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Background: Migraine is considered the most common cause of long-term disability in under-50s, which can lead to unbearable pain and neurological dysfunction. Many factors, especially dietary factors, are suggested to trigger migraine headaches. The present study aimed to examine the association between diet-dependent acid load and severity and duration of headaches among migraine patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 266 women (18-45 years) with history of migraine headaches was enrolled. Dietary data was collected by using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Then, diet-dependent acid load indices including Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL) and Net Endogenous Acid Production (NEAP) were calculated for the participants. For all cases, anthropometric measurements and headache duration were assessed. Headache severity was determined by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaires. Results: In this study, individuals with higher PRAL (OR=1.87, 95% CI=1.19-2.96, p=0.007) and NEAP (OR=1.58, 95% CI=1.02-2.44, p=0.03) scores were 87 and 58%, respectively, more likely to have severe headaches. Moreover, our results showed a significant direct correlation between PRAL (β=0.14, 95% CI=0.56-2.94, p=0.04) and NEAP (β=0.18, 95% CI=0.45-3.34, p=0.01) scores and headache duration of participants. Conclusion: The present study showed that higher diet-dependent acid load scores may be associated with higher headache severity and duration in migraine patients.

Objectives: Migraine is a neurological disorder causing unbearable pain. Dietary approach is proposed as a preventive way of reducing the severity of migraine headaches. The present study aimed to examine the association between MIND diet and migraine headaches. Results: We found that participants with higher score of MIND diet compared to those with lower score, were less likely to have severe headaches (OR = 0.64; 95% CI 0.45, 0.91; P = 0.01). Moreover, our results showed an inversed correlation between mind diet score and duration (β = − 0.14, 95% CI − 1.42, − 0.14, P = 0.04) and frequency of headaches (β = − 0.13, 95% CI − 0.99, − 0.07, P = 0.03).

Migraine is a complicated brain disorder which affects approximately 12% of the population, whilst the presence of migraine headaches is typically higher in women than men. Several nutrients are posited to improve headache severity. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary nutrients patterns and intensity and duration of migraine headaches. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 266 women. Physical activity, general characteristics, anthropometric values, and dietary intake were collected. Nutrient patterns were derived using principal component analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation, and based on the correlation matrix, after completing the 147 item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), we discerned 3 nutrients patterns. The validated Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used for assessing migraine intensity. Duration of headaches were defined as the hours the participants had headache in one day in last month. Chi-square, ANOVA, and linear regression tests were used to interrogate the data. Linear regression showed there was a positive relationship between second pattern rich in vitamin B1, carbohydrate, vitamin B3, vitamin B9, protein, and total fiber and VAS and pain duration. Furthermore, there was an inverse relationship between MIDAS and the first nutrient pattern characterized by dietary calcium, vitamin A, vitamin K, vitamin C, vitamin B6, vitamin B2, and Magnesium among women. Furthermore, there was a positive significant association between vitamin D and B12 (pattern 3) and headache duration. Dietary nutrients patterns should be monitored closely in individuals suffering with migraine.