An experimental analysis of a stepped solar box cooker (SSBC) improved using energetic SiO2/TiO2 nanoparticles. They were used in different ratios between 5% to 25% as a coating on a bar plate to enhance thermal performance. The SSBC was assessed experimentally to obtain a costeffective solution and the best performance for the bar plate temperature, enabling increased cooking activities performance. The furious SiO2/TiO2 nanoparticles were coated over a bar plate, which allows them to absorb more solar radiation and increase the system of inner moist air temperature. The SiO2/TiO2 nanolayers used as 15% improved overall thermal efficiency by 31.42% of the system. The bar plate performances coated with SiO2/TiO2 nanolayers and used in SSBC were compared to other doping nanoparticles percentage for their solar thermal characteristics. The SiO2/TiO2 nanolayers coated by the SSBC is enabled to increase the performance by about 31.77%, 37.69%, 49.21%, 36.99%, and 34.66% when was used 5%, 10%, 2 15%, 20%, and 25%, respectively and compared to that of single nanolayers (SiO2, TiO2) of convention cooker.
As well known, the basic birthrights of human are the clean air, clean water, healthy food, and green energy. So, clean water is the second important requested need of all living organisms on Earth. To know the importance of water to our human bodies, a deficiency of just 2% in our body’s water supply indicates dehydration. Nowadays, all countries suffer from the problem of freshwater shortage. Despite the importance of clean water for our lives, only 0.01% is available as surface water such as the rivers, lakes, and swamps. These frightening facts have made it a national and humanitarian duty for scientists to research how to overcome the water problem and how to provide alternative sources of safe drinking water using renewable energies. Desalination is the most famous and operative technique used to overcome this problem. In this chapter, the different desalination techniques are reviewed and reported. Also, the solar distillation processes are mentioned with an extended review on the solar distillers. Besides, the application of artificial intelligence in improving the performance of desalination systems is reported. The main conclusions are stated at the end of this chapter.
In this study, the effect of employing ZnO/Acalypha Indica leaf extract (ZAE) on the energy absorption of a coated portable solar cooker have been examined using an experimental setup. A prototypical model has been developed to corroborate in associating an investigative outcome per constituents of the experiments. The studied heat transfer process in ZAE is stable for harsh conditions. The design analysis and an estimation of the system performance were done given various parameters including the pressure of the vacuum envelope, bar plate coating digestion, emissivity, and solar rays. The fabricated solar was tested with and without ZAE to investigate the impact of this coating material on the solar cooker's thermal performance. To observe the performance of the new design, two figures of merit (F1 and F2) have been introduced. The factual food cooking assessments were for a family of four people, which operated in ZAE coating (0.8, 1.0, 1.2 μm) of the solar cooker. The values of F1 and F2 for the proposed cooker were obtained as 0.1520 and 0.4235, respectively, which is intact with the BIS values. The results revealed that employing ZAE instead of a thermal NHC -PV solar cooker reduced the time required to boil 2 L of water for about 2,820 seconds. The overall thermal energy productivity of the solar cooker with electrical backup was obtained as 42.65%, indicating that the ZAE coating can improve the thermal efficiency by 10.35%.
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