<span>This paper proposes the fractional-order proportional integral derivative (FOPID) controller, as a speed controller for permanent magnet direct current (PMDC) motor, instead of the traditional integer-order PID controller. The FOPID controller is the general form of the integer-order PID controllers, which found wide applications in all engineering fields. In this work a hybrid M-file and SIMULINK program is developed to simulate the overall system, the FOPID controller has five associated parameters. The optimum values of those parameters are found out by using particle swarm optimization technique. Simulation results show excellent command speeds tracking and superior dynamic response in conjunction with that of the integer-order PID controller. The proposed controller shows a high ability to overcome any external disturbance the system may be exposed; also, it performs a high degree of robustness to control the system in motoring and regenerative operating modes.</span>

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This article <span>addresses a variety of power quality concerns, including voltage sag and swell, surges, harmonics, and so on, utilizing a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). The proposed controller for DVR is proportional plus integral (PI) controller. Two methods are used for tuning the parameters of PI controller, trial and error and intelligent optimal method. The utilized optimal method is particle swarm optimization (PSO) method. Results depicted that DVR using PI controller tuned by PSO has improved performance than PI controller tuned by trial and error in term of rise time, maximum overshoot and settling time, as well as total harmonic distortion (THD). These improvements are applicable for voltage sag and swell conditions.</span>

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