Conversion of land encompasses not only changes inthe use of land for cultivation of food to non-food product but also includes the conversion of land in use to unused land. Changes in the management of water in the area of agro-ecosystem in Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) District has resulted in a change of use of paddy swampy land. Research was aimed :1) to analyze the differences in the income of farmers of rice due to the changes management water in the area of agro-ecosystems; and 2) to analyze the level of welfare of the rice farmers after adapting to the current environmental conditions. Research was carried out in the Belanti Village, Sirah Pulau Padang District, Ogan Komering Ilir District, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Location was selected purposively as the village was exposed to routine annual flood since 2008. The farmers has experinced crop and harvest failure, despite the fact that it has served as rice granary since 1992. As survey method with structured questionaires was applied in this research. Sampling was conducted purposively against 42 rice farmers who experienced crop failure. The primary and secondary data were collected and then subjected to land rent value analysis and t-test analysis. Results showed that: 1) changes in water management have reduced household income of farmers by 50.06%; and 2) the level of welfare of rice farmers is still low even though they have made adaptation efforts. To improve the quality of living for farmers affected by flooding, there is a need for integrated cooperation between the government of the country, palm plantation companies, and farmers.
Watershed management is intended to provide maximum economic benefits for local communities without neglecting environmental sustainability. The problem in this paper are how changes in land cover and how economic achievements in the form of income of conversion and non-conversion farmers in Rantau Kadam Village, Karang Dapo District. The data collected consists of primary data and secondary data. Land cover was analyzed using ArcMap Ver.10.2 with Landsat 8 for path/row 124/62 and 126/62 for image analysis. Meanwhile, the amount of income is determined using the formulas of income (NR), revenue (TR) and cost of production (TC). The land cover change was carried out by comparing the land cover map in 2009 with the land cover map in 2013 and 2018. The results showed that there had been changes in land use in Rantau Kadam Village, especially fields, open land and plantations. The use of open land has continued to increase from 1.83% (in 2009) to 8.77% (in 2013), and in 2018 it was 37.26%, while fields and plantations showed a decreasing trend. In conversion, it was found that the income of non-rubber converting farmers had a lower income value than oil palm conversion farmers. The average income of farmers per hectare per year for rubber commodity farmers is IDR 5,515,029.42/ha/year, while oil palm conversion farmers are IDR 17,109,341.38/ha/year. The policy implication that can be taken is that there must be institutional strengthening so that the selling price that applies between farmers can be the same.
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