The research area of synthetic organic photochemistry is a powerful tool for creating both natural products and molecules with high structural complexity, in a simple way and under mild conditions. However, because of the challenges in scaling-up, it has been difficult to apply a photochemical reaction in an industrial process. Flow chemistry provides an opportunity for better control over the conditions of the reaction and, additionally, improved reaction selectivity and enhanced reproducibility. Taking into account that significant interest has focused on the use of flow photochemistry as a method for the synthesis of heterocycles and its applications in target-oriented synthesis over the last few years, the aim of this review is to highlight the recent efforts to apply flow photochemistry methodology to diverse reactions as a greener and more scalable process for the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries. Additionally, the review highlights future perspectives in the development of scale-up strategies, combining photochemical reactions in the continuous flow multistep synthesis of organic molecules, being of interest for scientists and engineers alike.
The conversion of ethyl 2-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate to ethyl salicylate using an oxoammonium salt is reported. The dehydrogenation reaction is operationally simple and compares favorably with previous literature examples for the same transformation and expands the scope of oxoammonium salts as reagents for oxidative functionalization processes.
A simple, metal-free route for the oxidative esterification of aldehydes to yield hexafluoroisopropyl esters is reported. The methodology employs sodium persulfate and a catalytic quantity of a nitroxide and is...
A methodology for the preparation of nitriles from aldehydes by means of an oxidative functionalisation reaction is reported. It employs employs ammonium persulfate as the primary oxidant and the nitrogen...
A methodology for the oxidative amidation of aldehydes to yield N‐acyl azoles is reported. The approach employs sodium persulfate and a catalytic amount of a nitroxide and is applicable to a range of structurally diverse substrates.
Experimental and computational studies have been performed in order to investigate an unusual carbon-carbon bond cleavage that occurs in the preparation of certain benzimidazole N-oxides from anilines. The key factor...
A methodology is reported for the preparation of 2-aryl-benzimidazole-3-oxide derivatives. By means of a one-pot two-step protocol, a library of 42 new compounds has been prepared. Reactions were performed in a total time of 40 min using microwave heating as a tool. A streamlined work-up process was also developed, allowing for facile isolation of the products. The methodology offers a more sustainable approach than previous routes, with only water and ethanol being used as solvents, and the products being isolated by means of a simple filtration without the need for any further purification.
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