No abstract

Analysis was done of the composition and bioactive factor content of whole meal, processed meal and protein concentrate from a cowpea cultivar (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp var. IT86D-719) grown in Yucatan, Mexico and of changes in these parameters after soaking and dehulling. Both meals had a high protein content (247.53 and 257 g kg −1 dry matter (DM) respectively). The protein concentrate was rich in protein (786 g kg −1 DM) and lipids (58.47 g kg −1 DM) and had an amino acid profile similar to that of the processed meal. The amino acid profiles of the meals almost covered human dietary requirements based on FAO/WHO/UNU-suggested profiles but were deficient in sulphur amino acids. Trypsin inhibitor activity was high in both meals compared with levels found in previous studies. Trypsin inhibitor activity in the concentrate was not eliminated but was significantly reduced. Lectin activity, tannin levels, phytate levels and α-amylase inhibitor activity were relatively low in the meals, and cyanogenic glucosides were not detected. Residual amounts of α-amylase inhibitors, tannins and phytate were observed in the concentrate, and lectin activity was not detected. Results indicate that V. unguiculata L. Walp var. IT86D-719 meals and protein concentrate are good potential foodstuffs in the Yucatan region.

No abstract

The nutritional and physiological effects of raw cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.) seed meal, protein isolate (globulins), or starch on the metabolism of young growing rats have been evaluated in 14-day trials. Wet and dry weight gain, feed conversion efficiency, and lipid and protein accretion were significantly reduced as a result of inclusion of seed meal, globulins, or starch in the diet, with growth retardation being most marked with the seed meal. The proportional weights of the small intestine and pancreas were increased by meal diets, and serum cholesterol levels were slightly reduced. The globulins and raw starch also increased relative small intestine weights but had no effect on the pancreas or serum constituents. The effects of cowpeas on rats appeared to be due primarily to the combined actions of globulins, resistant starches, protease inhibitors, and possibly fiber and non-starch polysaccharides on intestinal and systemic metabolism.