The present paper describes experiences of the use of monitoring and data acquisition systems (DAS) and proposes a new concept of a low cost DAS applied to decentralized renewable energy (RE) plants with an USB interface. The use of such systems contributes to disseminate these plants, recognizing in real time local energy resources, monitoring energy conversion efficiency and sending information concerning failures. These aspects are important, mainly for developing countries, where decentralized power plants based on renewable sources are in some cases the best option for supplying electricity to rural areas. Nevertheless, the cost of commercial DAS is still a barrier for a greater dissemination of such systems in developing countries. The proposed USB based DAS presents a new dual clock operation philosophy, in which the acquisition system contains two clock sources for parallel information processing from different communication protocols. To ensure the low cost of the DAS and to promote the dissemination of this technology in developing countries, the proposed data acquisition firmware and the software for USB microcontrollers programming is a free and open source software, executable in the Linux and Windows® operating systems.
The development of a remote monitoring and control system for decentralized renewable energy plants is described in the present paper. The system has a microcontroller-based unit for local storing and data transmission to internet by a GSM modem and a database server to store the data. The proposed architecture is easily extended for controlling a decentralized renewable energy plant by a remote operator. Correlations and performance tests are used to compare the data collected by the system prototype with data collected by a commercial data acquisition system. The results indicate that the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) is 0.103 m/s for the wind speed measurement and the correlation factor is greater than 0.9996. Overall, the low errors rates indicate that the data have been stored in a similar form to what would be expected with the use of a commercial data logger.
In recent years the Internet of Things (IoT) technology has developed numerous solutions and applications on the market, however, taking in consideration the development, the first impression of this technology could generate uncertainties on which the best resources to use for the construction of the project. This work presents the development of three IoT models systems for controlling and monitoring electrical devices. It aims to present different load monitoring and control platforms, analysing their functionalities, communication protocols, reducing the programming time and costs. For this purpose, it has been developed three approaches: the first one has been developed for controlling and monitoring a single load, using a lamp as a model; The second one is a system for control the air-conditioning system in classrooms of an educational building at the IFCE Campus Maracanaú; The third one is a system for controlling and monitoring the air-conditioning system, lighting, access control and energy consumption monitoring in an educational laboratory at the IFCE Campus Maracanaú. According to this study, it can be noticed that using the MQTT protocol, it's possible to design a decentralized structure. However, the choice of protocol is associated with the user interface chosen and, in this case, the Blynk Ⓡ has more advantages.Resumo: Atualmente, a tecnologia Internet das Coisas (IoT) possui inúmeras soluções e aplicações existentes no mercado, entretanto, quando se fala em desenvolvimento, o primeiro contato com esta tecnologia pode gerar incertezas sobre quais os melhores recursos utilizar para o desenvolvimento do projeto. Neste sentido, este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de três modelos de IoT para o controle e monitoramento de dispositivos elétricos. Com isso, objetiva-se apresentar diferentes plataformas de monitoramento e controle de cargas, analisando suas funcionalidades, protocolos de comunicação, diminuindo o tempo de programação e custos. Para isso, foram realizadas três abordagens: o primeiro é um sistema para controle e monitoramento de uma única carga, sendo utilizado de modelo o acionamento de uma lâmpada; O segundo é um sistema para controle de equipamentos de climatização de salas de aula de um bloco didático do IFCE Campus Maracanaú; O terceiro é um sistema para controle e monitoramento de climatização, iluminação, controle de acesso e leitura de consumo de energia em um laboratório didático do IFCE Campus Maracanaú. A partir desse estudo, observou-se que com o uso do protocolo MQTT torna-se possível projetar uma estrutura descentralizada. Porém, a escolha do protocolo está associada à interface do usuário escolhida e, neste caso, o Blynk Ⓡ apresenta mais vantagens.
In recent years, the virtual reality technology has been drawing more attention to break the boundaries of time and space and thus improving the flexibility in learning process. The paper presented herein introduces an interactive platform based in Unity3D which is intended to assist the control engineering students in practice skills through the lens of continual interdisciplinary in learning process. The virtual environment communicates through Modbus/TCP protocol for controlling a threedimensional virtual lift plant and all functions can be accessed by communication with a local server. This plant includes numerous possibilities of setting up some major parameters like speed, position and safety practices. Therefore, not only flexibility is a significant advantage but also it can help prevent material damages caused by improper operation. In addition, given that the new COVID-19 pandemic has brought drastic routine changes in the ways and means of learning in higher educational institutions, the virtual reality comes up with new strategic initiative to improve the quality of teaching in engineering. In conclusion, the students' feedback confirms that virtual platform offers a broad variety of advantages compared with a traditional practice mode.
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